TY - JOUR
T1 - Manganese exposure, parkinsonian signs, and quality of life in South African mine workers
AU - Dlamini, Wendy W.
AU - Nelson, Gill
AU - Nielsen, Susan Searles
AU - Racette, Brad A.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the Hotazel Manganese Mine and clinic staff for allowing us to use their premises and providing access to medical information, as well as allowing the mine workers time off work to participate in this study. Sr. Marina Steenkamp was instrumental in organizing visits to the Northern Cape Province and collecting the data. We also thank the Hotazel Recreation Club, for use of its premises. The study could not have been conducted without the participating mine workers. Funding for this study was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Grants: R01ES026891, K24ES017765, K01ES028295, and R21ES017504); American Parkinson Disease Association; and the Association of Commonwealth Universities. The funding agencies had no role in the analysis of the data, interpretation of the results, or the decision to publish these results.
Funding Information:
We thank the Hotazel Manganese Mine and clinic staff for allowing us to use their premises and providing access to medical information, as well as allowing the mine workers time off work to participate in this study. Sr. Marina Steenkamp was instrumental in organizing visits to the Northern Cape Province and collecting the data. We also thank the Hotazel Recreation Club, for use of its premises. The study could not have been conducted without the participating mine workers. Funding for this study was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Grants: R01ES026891, K24ES017765, K01ES028295, and R21ES017504); American Parkinson Disease Association; and the Association of Commonwealth Universities. The funding agencies had no role in the analysis of the data, interpretation of the results, or the decision to publish these results.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - Background: Manganese (Mn) neurotoxicity is associated with parkinsonism; the associated motor deficits can affect individuals’ quality of life (QoL). We investigated associations between Mn exposure, parkinsonian signs, and QoL in Mn mine workers. Methods: We assessed parkinsonian signs and QoL in 187 black South African Mn mine workers, using the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subsection 3 (UPDRS3) and the Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), respectively. We estimated cumulative Mn exposure in mg Mn/m3-years using complete occupational histories and a job-exposure matrix. We investigated the cross-sectional association between cumulative Mn exposure and UPDRS3 score, and the UPDRS3 score and PDQ-39, adjusting for age, using linear regression. Results: Participants’ mean age was 41.8 years (range, 21-67 years); 97.3% were male. Estimated mean cumulative Mn exposure at the time of examination was 5.4 mg Mn/m3-years, with a mean of 14.0 years working in a Mn mine. The mean UPDRS3 score was 10.1 and 25.7% of the workers had a UPDRS3 score greater than or equal to 15. There was a U-shaped dose-response relation between cumulative Mn exposure and UPDRS3 score, with a positive association up to 15 mg Mn/m3-years of exposure and an inverse association thereafter. Greater UPDRS3 scores were associated with poorer self-reported QoL. Conclusion: In this cohort of employed Mn mine workers, parkinsonian signs were common and were associated with both estimated cumulative Mn exposure and poorer QoL.
AB - Background: Manganese (Mn) neurotoxicity is associated with parkinsonism; the associated motor deficits can affect individuals’ quality of life (QoL). We investigated associations between Mn exposure, parkinsonian signs, and QoL in Mn mine workers. Methods: We assessed parkinsonian signs and QoL in 187 black South African Mn mine workers, using the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subsection 3 (UPDRS3) and the Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), respectively. We estimated cumulative Mn exposure in mg Mn/m3-years using complete occupational histories and a job-exposure matrix. We investigated the cross-sectional association between cumulative Mn exposure and UPDRS3 score, and the UPDRS3 score and PDQ-39, adjusting for age, using linear regression. Results: Participants’ mean age was 41.8 years (range, 21-67 years); 97.3% were male. Estimated mean cumulative Mn exposure at the time of examination was 5.4 mg Mn/m3-years, with a mean of 14.0 years working in a Mn mine. The mean UPDRS3 score was 10.1 and 25.7% of the workers had a UPDRS3 score greater than or equal to 15. There was a U-shaped dose-response relation between cumulative Mn exposure and UPDRS3 score, with a positive association up to 15 mg Mn/m3-years of exposure and an inverse association thereafter. Greater UPDRS3 scores were associated with poorer self-reported QoL. Conclusion: In this cohort of employed Mn mine workers, parkinsonian signs were common and were associated with both estimated cumulative Mn exposure and poorer QoL.
KW - manganese
KW - miners
KW - parkinsonian disorders
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074591489&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ajim.23060
DO - 10.1002/ajim.23060
M3 - Article
C2 - 31647574
AN - SCOPUS:85074591489
SN - 0271-3586
VL - 63
SP - 36
EP - 43
JO - American Journal of Industrial Medicine
JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine
IS - 1
ER -