TY - JOUR
T1 - Loss of the Polyketide Synthase StlB Results in Stalk Cell Overproduction in Polysphondylium violaceum
AU - Narita, Takaaki B.
AU - Kawabe, Yoshinori
AU - Kin, Koryu
AU - Gibbs, Richard A.
AU - Kuspa, Adam
AU - Muzny, Donna M.
AU - Richards, Stephen
AU - Strassmann, Joan E.
AU - Sucgang, Richard
AU - Worley, Kim C.
AU - Schaap, Pauline
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.
PY - 2020/3/27
Y1 - 2020/3/27
N2 - Major phenotypic innovations in social amoeba evolution occurred at the transition between the Polysphondylia and group 4 Dictyostelia, which comprise the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum, such as the formation of a new structure, the basal disk. Basal disk differentiation and robust stalk formation require the morphogen DIF-1, synthesized by the polyketide synthase StlB, the des-methyl-DIF-1 methyltransferase DmtA, and the chlorinase ChlA, which are conserved throughout Dictyostelia. To understand how the basal disk and other innovations evolved in group 4, we sequenced and annotated the Polysphondylium violaceum (Pvio) genome, performed cell type-specific transcriptomics to identify cell-type marker genes, and developed transformation and gene knock-out procedures for Pvio. We used the novel methods to delete the Pvio stlB gene. The Pvio stlB- mutants formed misshapen curly sorogens with thick and irregular stalks. As fruiting body formation continued, the upper stalks became more regular, but structures contained 40% less spores. The stlB- sorogens overexpressed a stalk gene and underexpressed a (pre)spore gene. Normal fruiting body formation and sporulation were restored in Pvio stlB- by including DIF-1 in the supporting agar. These data indicate that, although conserved, stlB and its product(s) acquired both a novel role in the group 4 Dictyostelia and a role opposite to that in its sister group.
AB - Major phenotypic innovations in social amoeba evolution occurred at the transition between the Polysphondylia and group 4 Dictyostelia, which comprise the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum, such as the formation of a new structure, the basal disk. Basal disk differentiation and robust stalk formation require the morphogen DIF-1, synthesized by the polyketide synthase StlB, the des-methyl-DIF-1 methyltransferase DmtA, and the chlorinase ChlA, which are conserved throughout Dictyostelia. To understand how the basal disk and other innovations evolved in group 4, we sequenced and annotated the Polysphondylium violaceum (Pvio) genome, performed cell type-specific transcriptomics to identify cell-type marker genes, and developed transformation and gene knock-out procedures for Pvio. We used the novel methods to delete the Pvio stlB gene. The Pvio stlB- mutants formed misshapen curly sorogens with thick and irregular stalks. As fruiting body formation continued, the upper stalks became more regular, but structures contained 40% less spores. The stlB- sorogens overexpressed a stalk gene and underexpressed a (pre)spore gene. Normal fruiting body formation and sporulation were restored in Pvio stlB- by including DIF-1 in the supporting agar. These data indicate that, although conserved, stlB and its product(s) acquired both a novel role in the group 4 Dictyostelia and a role opposite to that in its sister group.
KW - DIF-1
KW - Polysphondylium violaceum genome
KW - cell type-specific transcriptome
KW - evolution of novel cell types
KW - genetic transformation
KW - polyketide synthase
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85085903993&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/gbe/evaa079
DO - 10.1093/gbe/evaa079
M3 - Article
C2 - 32386295
AN - SCOPUS:85085903993
SN - 1759-6653
VL - 12
SP - 674
EP - 683
JO - Genome Biology and Evolution
JF - Genome Biology and Evolution
IS - 5
ER -