@inproceedings{7d7cafa50f394587ac87b7e8dd75937e,
title = "Laser doppler vibrometry measurements of the carotid pulse: biometrics using hidden markov models",
abstract = "Small movements of the skin overlying the carotid artery, arising from pressure pulse changes in the carotid during the cardiac cycle, can be detected using the method of Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV). Based on the premise that there is a high degree of individuality in cardiovascular function, the pulse-related movements were modeled for biometric use. Short time variations in the signal due to physiological factors are described and these variations are shown to be informative for identity verification and recognition. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are used to exploit the dependence between the pulse signals over successive cardiac cycles. The resulting biometric classification performance confirms that the LDV signal contains information that is unique to the individual.",
keywords = "Biometric identification, Biometric recognition, Hidden markov model, Laser doppler vibrometry, Latent state",
author = "Kaplan, \{Alan D.\} and O'Sullivan, \{Joseph A.\} and Sirevaag, \{Erik J.\} and Rohrbaugh, \{John W.\}",
year = "2009",
doi = "10.1117/12.818558",
language = "English",
isbn = "9780819475725",
series = "Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",
booktitle = "Optics and Photonics in Global Homeland Security V and Biometric Technology for Human Identification VI",
note = "Optics and Photonics in Global Homeland Security V and Biometric Technology for Human Identification VI ; Conference date: 13-04-2009 Through 16-04-2009",
}