Isatuximab as monotherapy and combined with dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma

Meletios Dimopoulos, Sara Bringhen, Pekka Anttila, Marcelo Capra, Michele Cavo, Craig Cole, Cristina Gasparetto, Vania Hungria, Matthew Jenner, Vladimir Vorobyev, Eduardo Yanez Ruiz, Jian Y. Yin, Rao Saleem, Maeva Hellet, Sandrine Macé, Bruno Paiva, Ravi Vij

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41 Scopus citations

Abstract

This phase 2 study evaluated isatuximab as monotherapy or combined with dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Patients had RRMM refractory to an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) and a proteasome inhibitor (PI) or had received ≥3 prior lines of therapy incorporating an IMiD and PI. Patients received isatuximab either as monotherapy (20 mg/kg on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 [once weekly] of cycle 1 followed by 20 mg/kg on days 1 and 15 of subsequent cycles; Isa group) or in combination with dexamethasone (40 mg/d [20 mg/d in patients aged ≥75 years] once weekly; Isa-dex group). Treated patients (N = 164) had received a median of 4 (range, 2-10) prior treatment lines. Patients received a median of 5 (1-24) and 7 (1-22) treatment cycles; at data cutoff, 13 (11.9%) of 109 and 15 (27.3%) of 55 patients remained on treatment in the Isa and Isa-dex arms, respectively. Overall response rate (primary efficacy end point) was 23.9% in the Isa arm and 43.6% in the Isa-dex arm (odds ratio, 0.405; 95% confidence interval, 0.192-0.859; P = .008). Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 4.9 and 18.9 months for Isa, and 10.2 and 17.3 months for Isa-dex. Infusion reactions (mostly grade 1/2) and hematologic abnormalities were the most common adverse events. There was a similar incidence of grade 3 or higher infections in both groups (22.0% and 21.8%). In conclusion, addition of dexamethasone to isatuximab increased response rates and survival outcomes with no detrimental effect on safety. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01084252. Key Points: • In myeloma patients with a median 4 prior therapy lines, adding dexamethasone to isatuximab increased response rates from 23.9% to 43.6%. • Dexamethasone improved isatuximab efficacy with no detrimental effect on safety, supporting the use of this combination regimen.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1154-1165
Number of pages12
JournalBlood
Volume137
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 4 2021

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