@article{b9a19536070249df93e481dcffc0b0d4,
title = "Interferon, double-stranded RNA and RNA degradation. Fractionation of the endonucleaseINT system into two macromolecular components; Role of a small molecule in nuclease activation",
abstract = "We reported earlier that a) the incubation of an extract from interferon-treated Ehrlich ascites tumor cells with double-straded RNA and ATP results in the activation of an endonuclease and b) after the activation the double-stranded RNA and ATP can be degraded without impairing the activity of the endonuclease. We report now the separation and partial purification of two macromolecular components (DE1INT and DE2INT) involved in the process. Upon incubation with double-stranded RNA and ATP component DE1INT generates a heat-stable product of low molecular weight (designated as nuclease activator). On incubation with the nuclease activator a latent nuclease in component DE2INT is activated.",
author = "L. Ratner and Wiegand, {R. C.} and Farrell, {P. J.} and Sen, {G. C.} and B. Cabrer and P. Lengyel",
note = "Funding Information: by NIH research grants (AI-12320 and Oncologic Virology Training from the Danon Runyon-Walter Funding Information: the activation of DE2INT by the nuclease activator: Nuclease activator that has been purified by gel filtration to remove ATP and dsRNA, does activate DE2INT. Moreover the addition of ATP and poly(I)epoly(C) to a reaction mixture containing DE21NT and a nonsaturating concentration of purified nuclease activator, does not result in a further increase in nuclease activity (Ratner -et --al 3 manuscript in preparation). The nuclease activator shares the following characteristics with the low molecular weight, heat-stable compound reported by Kerr --et al. (12) to be synthesized in S301NT from L929 cells in the presence of &RNA and ATP: It is inactivated by snake venom diesterase but not by Pl RNase (Ratner et al., manuscript in preparation). We purified the agent(s) that is (are) converted into an active endonuclease upon treatment with the nuclease activator at least 50 fold. The partially purified agent(s) is (are) responsible for most of the increase nuclease activity in S301NT resulting from the addition of the nuclease activator.. It remains to be seen the same nuclease activator activates one or several inactive nucleases. Preliminary experiments reveal that DE2C does contain significant amounts of the agent(s) activated by the nuclease activator but not more than half as much as DE21NT. DElC seems to be much less active than DEIINT in generating the nuclease activator (Ratner, -et --al 3 manuscript in preparation). In conclusion it should be noted that it is in line with the involvement a nuclease in mediating (at least some of) the antiviral effects of interferons that the average half life of reovirus mRNAs is about 12 h in control Lo29 cells but only about 4 h interferon-treated Lo29 cells (Desrosiers et al., manuscript in preparation). Ackwnowledgements This study has been supported CA 16038), NIH grant for Molecular and a fellowship grant (DRG-189-F) Cancer Fund (P.F.).",
year = "1978",
month = apr,
day = "14",
doi = "10.1016/0006-291X(78)91443-2",
language = "English",
volume = "81",
pages = "947--954",
journal = "Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications",
issn = "0006-291X",
number = "3",
}