TY - JOUR
T1 - Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Pre-pandemic Among Adults Hospitalized With Congestive Heart Failure or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Older Adults
AU - Tippett, Ashley
AU - Ess, Gabby
AU - Hussaini, Laila
AU - Reese, Olivia
AU - Salazar, Luis
AU - Kelly, Mary
AU - Taylor, Meg
AU - Ciric, Caroline
AU - Keane, Amy
AU - Cheng, Andrew
AU - Gibson, Theda
AU - Li, Wensheng
AU - Hsiao, Hui Mien
AU - Bristow, Laurel
AU - Hellmeister, Kieffer
AU - Al-Husein, Zayna
AU - Hubler, Robin
AU - Begier, Elizabeth
AU - Liu, Qing
AU - Gessner, Bradford
AU - Swerdlow, David L.
AU - Kamidani, Satoshi
AU - Kao, Carol
AU - Yildirim, Inci
AU - Rouphael, Nadine
AU - Rostad, Christina A.
AU - Anderson, Evan J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2023.
PY - 2024/4/15
Y1 - 2024/4/15
N2 - Background. Data are limited on influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the prevention of influenza-related hospitalizations in older adults and those with underlying high-risk comorbidities. Methods. We conducted a prospective, test-negative, case-control study at 2 US hospitals from October 2018-March 2020 among adults aged ≥50 years hospitalized with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) and adults ≥18 years admitted with congestive heart failure (CHF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Adults were eligible if they resided in 1 of 8 counties in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were tested using BioFire FilmArray (bioMérieux, Inc.) respiratory panel, and standard-of-care molecular results were included when available. Influenza vaccination history was determined from the Georgia vaccine registry and medical records. We used multivariable logistic regression to control for potential confounders and to determine 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. Among 3090 eligible adults, 1562 (50.6%) were enrolled. Of the 1515 with influenza vaccination history available, 701 (46.2%) had received vaccination during that season. Influenza was identified in 37 (5.3%) vaccinated versus 78 (9.6%) unvaccinated participants. After adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, immunosuppression, month, and season, pooled VE for any influenza-related hospitalization in the eligible study population was 63.1% (95% CI, 43.8-75.8%). Adjusted VE against influenza-related hospitalization for ARI in adults ≥50 years was 55.9% (29.9-72.3%) and adjusted VE against influenza-related CHF/COPD exacerbation in adults ≥18 years was 80.3% (36.3-93.9%). Conclusions. Influenza vaccination was effective in preventing influenza-related hospitalizations in adults aged ≥50 years and those with CHF/COPD exacerbations during the 2018-2020 seasons.
AB - Background. Data are limited on influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the prevention of influenza-related hospitalizations in older adults and those with underlying high-risk comorbidities. Methods. We conducted a prospective, test-negative, case-control study at 2 US hospitals from October 2018-March 2020 among adults aged ≥50 years hospitalized with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) and adults ≥18 years admitted with congestive heart failure (CHF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Adults were eligible if they resided in 1 of 8 counties in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were tested using BioFire FilmArray (bioMérieux, Inc.) respiratory panel, and standard-of-care molecular results were included when available. Influenza vaccination history was determined from the Georgia vaccine registry and medical records. We used multivariable logistic regression to control for potential confounders and to determine 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. Among 3090 eligible adults, 1562 (50.6%) were enrolled. Of the 1515 with influenza vaccination history available, 701 (46.2%) had received vaccination during that season. Influenza was identified in 37 (5.3%) vaccinated versus 78 (9.6%) unvaccinated participants. After adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, immunosuppression, month, and season, pooled VE for any influenza-related hospitalization in the eligible study population was 63.1% (95% CI, 43.8-75.8%). Adjusted VE against influenza-related hospitalization for ARI in adults ≥50 years was 55.9% (29.9-72.3%) and adjusted VE against influenza-related CHF/COPD exacerbation in adults ≥18 years was 80.3% (36.3-93.9%). Conclusions. Influenza vaccination was effective in preventing influenza-related hospitalizations in adults aged ≥50 years and those with CHF/COPD exacerbations during the 2018-2020 seasons.
KW - CHF
KW - COPD
KW - elderly
KW - flu
KW - severity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85190341186&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/cid/ciad679
DO - 10.1093/cid/ciad679
M3 - Article
C2 - 37946601
AN - SCOPUS:85190341186
SN - 1058-4838
VL - 78
SP - 1065
EP - 1072
JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases
JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases
IS - 4
ER -