Improving equity in access to large metropolitan parks in historically spatially segregated urban areas: A case study of St. Louis, USA

Parks contribute to physical, social, and mental health of community residents yet access to and use of parks vary by sociodemographic characteristics, including socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity, thus creating inequities in the subsequent health benefits. As part of a multi-method evaluation of a large urban park, the aim of this paper is to describe perspectives of stakeholders on equitable access to the park among all members of the urban community it serves. We conducted focus groups (n = 4) with community partners, park vendors, and user organizations; and 20 interviews with other park stakeholders. Questions were developed to assess park perception, how organizations intersect with the park, and the park's importance within the community. The interviews and focus groups were conducted via video conference and audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded. Participants noted the park and amenities function as positive community space for many uses and users. Although perceived as welcoming, there were disparities in access by both race/ethnicity and movement ability levels. Recommendations included community engagement and education for expanding the park user base and improving access for all. These results add to the evidence of ways in which to address park access and use inequities in cities worldwide.