Impaired prediction of ongoing events in posttraumatic stress disorder

The ability to make accurate predictions about what is going to happen in the near future is critical for comprehension of everyday activity. However, predictive processing may be disrupted in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Hypervigilance may lead people with PTSD to make inaccurate predictions about the likelihood of future danger. This disruption in predictive processing may occur not only in response to threatening stimuli, but also during processing of neutral stimuli. Therefore, the current study investigated whether PTSD was associated with difficulty making predictions about near-future neutral activity. Sixty-three participants with PTSD and 63 trauma controls completed two tasks, one testing explicit prediction and the other testing implicit prediction. Higher PTSD severity was associated with greater difficulty with predictive processing on both of these tasks. These results suggest that effective treatments to improve functional outcomes for people with PTSD may work, in part, by improving predictive processing.