TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of international travel and diarrhea on gut microbiome and resistome dynamics
AU - Boolchandani, Manish
AU - Blake, Kevin S.
AU - Tilley, Drake H.
AU - Cabada, Miguel M.
AU - Schwartz, Drew J.
AU - Patel, Sanket
AU - Morales, Maria Luisa
AU - Meza, Rina
AU - Soto, Giselle
AU - Isidean, Sandra D.
AU - Porter, Chad K.
AU - Simons, Mark P.
AU - Dantas, Gautam
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Maria Silva, Yocelinda Meza, Maruja Bernal, Nilda Gadea, and Enrique Canal at the Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6 in Peru who assisted with the collection and shipment of samples. We would like to thank Pablo Tsukayama for logistical support with sample access and helping with sample processing in the initial phase of the study as well as Emily Deichsel who helped with participant enrollment and data collection. We also thank the staff at The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, including Eric Martin and Brian Koebbe for computational support, Jessica Hoisington-López and MariaLynn Crosby for managing the high-throughput sequencing core, and Bonnie Dee, Kathleen Matheny, and Keith Page for administrative support. Finally, we would like to thank the members of the Dantas lab for helpful general discussions and comments on the manuscript. Disclaimers: the views expressed in this article reflect the results of research conducted by the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the United States Government. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Boards at the Universidad Peruana Cayateno Heredia, the Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6, and the Washington University in St. Louis in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. Authors are military service members or federal/contracted employees of the US Government. This work was prepared as part of official duties. Title 17 USC § 105 provides that ‘Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the US Government.’ Title 17 USC § 105 defines a US Government work as work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US Government as part of that person’s official duties. Funding: This work was funded by the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance (GEIS; funding number: CO693_12_LI), and the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program through the Peer Reviewed Medical Research Program by an award to G.D. and M.P.S. (PRMRP; award number: PR170802). G.D. is also supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (R01-AI123394), and the Edward Mallinckrodt, Jr. Foundation (Scholar Award). K.S.B. is supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32-DK007130), and D.J.S is supported by Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Physician Scientist Fellowship (2021081) and NIH NIAID Clinical Scientist Research Career Development Award (K08-AI159384). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding agencies.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Maria Silva, Yocelinda Meza, Maruja Bernal, Nilda Gadea, and Enrique Canal at the Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6 in Peru who assisted with the collection and shipment of samples. We would like to thank Pablo Tsukayama for logistical support with sample access and helping with sample processing in the initial phase of the study as well as Emily Deichsel who helped with participant enrollment and data collection. We also thank the staff at The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, including Eric Martin and Brian Koebbe for computational support, Jessica Hoisington-López and MariaLynn Crosby for managing the high-throughput sequencing core, and Bonnie Dee, Kathleen Matheny, and Keith Page for administrative support. Finally, we would like to thank the members of the Dantas lab for helpful general discussions and comments on the manuscript. Disclaimers: the views expressed in this article reflect the results of research conducted by the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the United States Government. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Boards at the Universidad Peruana Cayateno Heredia, the Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6, and the Washington University in St. Louis in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. Authors are military service members or federal/contracted employees of the US Government. This work was prepared as part of official duties. Title 17 USC § 105 provides that ‘Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the US Government.’ Title 17 USC § 105 defines a US Government work as work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US Government as part of that person’s official duties. Funding: This work was funded by the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance (GEIS; funding number: CO693_12_LI), and the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program through the Peer Reviewed Medical Research Program by an award to G.D. and M.P.S. (PRMRP; award number: PR170802). G.D. is also supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (R01-AI123394), and the Edward Mallinckrodt, Jr. Foundation (Scholar Award). K.S.B. is supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32-DK007130), and D.J.S is supported by Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Physician Scientist Fellowship (2021081) and NIH NIAID Clinical Scientist Research Career Development Award (K08-AI159384). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding agencies.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - International travel contributes to the global spread of antimicrobial resistance. Travelers’ diarrhea exacerbates the risk of acquiring multidrug-resistant organisms and can lead to persistent gastrointestinal disturbance post-travel. However, little is known about the impact of diarrhea on travelers’ gut microbiomes, and the dynamics of these changes throughout travel. Here, we assembled a cohort of 159 international students visiting the Andean city of Cusco, Peru and applied next-generation sequencing techniques to 718 longitudinally-collected stool samples. We find that gut microbiome composition changed significantly throughout travel, but taxonomic diversity remained stable. However, diarrhea disrupted this stability and resulted in an increased abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes that can remain high for weeks. We also identified taxa differentially abundant between diarrheal and non-diarrheal samples, which were used to develop a classification model that distinguishes between these disease states. Additionally, we sequenced the genomes of 212 diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolates and found those from travelers who experienced diarrhea encoded more antimicrobial resistance genes than those who did not. In this work, we find the gut microbiomes of international travelers’ are resilient to dysbiosis; however, they are also susceptible to colonization by multidrug-resistant bacteria, a risk that is more pronounced in travelers with diarrhea.
AB - International travel contributes to the global spread of antimicrobial resistance. Travelers’ diarrhea exacerbates the risk of acquiring multidrug-resistant organisms and can lead to persistent gastrointestinal disturbance post-travel. However, little is known about the impact of diarrhea on travelers’ gut microbiomes, and the dynamics of these changes throughout travel. Here, we assembled a cohort of 159 international students visiting the Andean city of Cusco, Peru and applied next-generation sequencing techniques to 718 longitudinally-collected stool samples. We find that gut microbiome composition changed significantly throughout travel, but taxonomic diversity remained stable. However, diarrhea disrupted this stability and resulted in an increased abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes that can remain high for weeks. We also identified taxa differentially abundant between diarrheal and non-diarrheal samples, which were used to develop a classification model that distinguishes between these disease states. Additionally, we sequenced the genomes of 212 diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolates and found those from travelers who experienced diarrhea encoded more antimicrobial resistance genes than those who did not. In this work, we find the gut microbiomes of international travelers’ are resilient to dysbiosis; however, they are also susceptible to colonization by multidrug-resistant bacteria, a risk that is more pronounced in travelers with diarrhea.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85143357000&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41467-022-34862-w
DO - 10.1038/s41467-022-34862-w
M3 - Article
C2 - 36470885
AN - SCOPUS:85143357000
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 13
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
IS - 1
M1 - 7485
ER -