TY - JOUR
T1 - Immunotherapy in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
T2 - Past and Future Strategies for Optimization
AU - Reimers, Melissa A.
AU - Slane, Kathryn E.
AU - Pachynski, Russell K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2019/10/1
Y1 - 2019/10/1
N2 - Purpose of Review: To date, prostate cancer has been poorly responsive to immunotherapy. In the current review, we summarize and discuss the current literature on the use of vaccine therapy and checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Recent Findings: Sipuleucel-T currently remains the only FDA-approved immunotherapeutic agent for prostate cancer. Single-agent phase 3 vaccine trials with GVAX and PROSTVAC have failed to demonstrate survival benefit to date. Clinical trials using combination approaches, including combination PROSTVAC along with a neoantigen vaccine and checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy, are ongoing. Checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy clinical trials have demonstrated limited efficacy in advanced prostate cancer, and combination approaches and molecular patient selection are currently under investigation. Summary: The optimal use of vaccine therapy and checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer remains to be determined. Ongoing clinical trials will continue to inform future clinical practice.
AB - Purpose of Review: To date, prostate cancer has been poorly responsive to immunotherapy. In the current review, we summarize and discuss the current literature on the use of vaccine therapy and checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Recent Findings: Sipuleucel-T currently remains the only FDA-approved immunotherapeutic agent for prostate cancer. Single-agent phase 3 vaccine trials with GVAX and PROSTVAC have failed to demonstrate survival benefit to date. Clinical trials using combination approaches, including combination PROSTVAC along with a neoantigen vaccine and checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy, are ongoing. Checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy clinical trials have demonstrated limited efficacy in advanced prostate cancer, and combination approaches and molecular patient selection are currently under investigation. Summary: The optimal use of vaccine therapy and checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer remains to be determined. Ongoing clinical trials will continue to inform future clinical practice.
KW - Castration resistance
KW - Checkpoint inhibitors
KW - Immunotherapy
KW - Metastatic prostate cancer
KW - Neoantigen vaccine
KW - Vaccines
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071620061&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11934-019-0931-3
DO - 10.1007/s11934-019-0931-3
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31482315
AN - SCOPUS:85071620061
SN - 1527-2737
VL - 20
JO - Current urology reports
JF - Current urology reports
IS - 10
M1 - 64
ER -