TY - JOUR
T1 - Immunogenicity, breakthrough infection, and underlying disease flare after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among individuals with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases
AU - Paik, Julie J.
AU - Sparks, Jeffrey A.
AU - Kim, Alfred H.J.
N1 - Funding Information:
JJP is funded by NIH/NIAMS ( K23 AR073927 ). JAS is funded by NIH/NIAMS ( R01 AR077607, P30 AR070253 , and P30 AR072577 ) and the R. Bruce and Joan M. Mickey Research Scholar Fund. AHJK is funded by NIH/NIAMS (P30 AR073752), NIAID (UL1 9AI110483), NCATS (UL1 TR002345), The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, Multiple Sclerosis Society, and Rheumatology Research Foundation.
Funding Information:
JJP reports research support from Pfizer and Kezar Inc, and consultancy fees from Pfizer, Alexion, Kezar, Roivant, EMD Serono, Argenx, and Guidepoint all unrelated to this work. JAS reports research support from Bristol Myers Squibb and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead, Inova Diagnostics, Janssen, Optum, and Pfizer unrelated to this work. AHJK reports research support from GlaxoSmithKline and Foghorn Therapeutics, and consultancy fees from Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals, Exagen Diagnostics, GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer unrelated to this work.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Many patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) require immunosuppression to reduce disease activity, but this also has important possible detrimental impacts on immune responses following vaccination. The phase III clinical trials for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines did not include those who are immunosuppressed. Fortunately, we now have a clearer idea of how immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has for the immunosuppressed, with much of the data being within a year of its introduction. Here, we summarize what is known in this rapidly evolving field about the impact immunosuppression has on humoral immunogenicity including waning immunity and additional doses, breakthrough infection rates and severity, disease flare rates, along with additional considerations and remaining unanswered questions.
AB - Many patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) require immunosuppression to reduce disease activity, but this also has important possible detrimental impacts on immune responses following vaccination. The phase III clinical trials for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines did not include those who are immunosuppressed. Fortunately, we now have a clearer idea of how immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has for the immunosuppressed, with much of the data being within a year of its introduction. Here, we summarize what is known in this rapidly evolving field about the impact immunosuppression has on humoral immunogenicity including waning immunity and additional doses, breakthrough infection rates and severity, disease flare rates, along with additional considerations and remaining unanswered questions.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85131082113&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102243
DO - 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102243
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35636384
AN - SCOPUS:85131082113
SN - 1471-4892
VL - 65
JO - Current Opinion in Pharmacology
JF - Current Opinion in Pharmacology
M1 - 102243
ER -