Immune defenses in the urinary tract

Hunter W. Kuhn; Teri N. Hreha; David A. Hunstad

doi:10.1016/j.it.2023.07.001

Immune defenses in the urinary tract

Hunter W. Kuhn, Teri N. Hreha, David A. Hunstad

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

Recent advances in preclinical modeling of urinary tract infections (UTIs) have enabled the identification of key facets of the host response that influence pathogen clearance and tissue damage. Here, we review new insights into the functions of neutrophils, macrophages, and antimicrobial peptides in innate control of uropathogens and in mammalian infection-related tissue injury and repair. We also discuss novel functions for renal epithelial cells in innate antimicrobial defense. In addition, epigenetic modifications during bacterial cystitis have been implicated in bladder remodeling, conveying susceptibility to recurrent UTI. In total, contemporary work in this arena has better defined host processes that shape UTI susceptibility and severity and might inform the development of novel preventive and therapeutic approaches for acute and recurrent UTI.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	701-711
Number of pages	11
Journal	Trends in Immunology
Volume	44
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2023.07.001
State	Published - Sep 2023

Keywords

Escherichia coli
antimicrobial peptides
epigenetic remodeling
innate immunity
macrophages
neutrophils
pyelonephritis

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10.1016/j.it.2023.07.001

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title = "Immune defenses in the urinary tract",

abstract = "Recent advances in preclinical modeling of urinary tract infections (UTIs) have enabled the identification of key facets of the host response that influence pathogen clearance and tissue damage. Here, we review new insights into the functions of neutrophils, macrophages, and antimicrobial peptides in innate control of uropathogens and in mammalian infection-related tissue injury and repair. We also discuss novel functions for renal epithelial cells in innate antimicrobial defense. In addition, epigenetic modifications during bacterial cystitis have been implicated in bladder remodeling, conveying susceptibility to recurrent UTI. In total, contemporary work in this arena has better defined host processes that shape UTI susceptibility and severity and might inform the development of novel preventive and therapeutic approaches for acute and recurrent UTI.",

keywords = "Escherichia coli, antimicrobial peptides, epigenetic remodeling, innate immunity, macrophages, neutrophils, pyelonephritis",

author = "Kuhn, {Hunter W.} and Hreha, {Teri N.} and Hunstad, {David A.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01-DK111541, R01-DK126697, and R01-AI158418 (to D.A.H.). H.W.K. was supported by NIH grant T32-GM007067, and T.N.H. was supported by NIH grant T32-DK007126. D.A.H. serves on the Board of Directors of BioVersys AG, Basel, Switzerland, and has received research funding from BioAge Labs, Richmond, CA, USA. These activities are unrelated to the content of this manuscript. Funding Information: This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01-DK111541 , R01-DK126697 , and R01-AI158418 (to D.A.H.). H.W.K. was supported by NIH grant T32-GM007067 , and T.N.H. was supported by NIH grant T32-DK007126 . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2023",

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doi = "10.1016/j.it.2023.07.001",

language = "English",

volume = "44",

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AU - Kuhn, Hunter W.

AU - Hreha, Teri N.

AU - Hunstad, David A.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01-DK111541, R01-DK126697, and R01-AI158418 (to D.A.H.). H.W.K. was supported by NIH grant T32-GM007067, and T.N.H. was supported by NIH grant T32-DK007126. D.A.H. serves on the Board of Directors of BioVersys AG, Basel, Switzerland, and has received research funding from BioAge Labs, Richmond, CA, USA. These activities are unrelated to the content of this manuscript. Funding Information: This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01-DK111541 , R01-DK126697 , and R01-AI158418 (to D.A.H.). H.W.K. was supported by NIH grant T32-GM007067 , and T.N.H. was supported by NIH grant T32-DK007126 . Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

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N2 - Recent advances in preclinical modeling of urinary tract infections (UTIs) have enabled the identification of key facets of the host response that influence pathogen clearance and tissue damage. Here, we review new insights into the functions of neutrophils, macrophages, and antimicrobial peptides in innate control of uropathogens and in mammalian infection-related tissue injury and repair. We also discuss novel functions for renal epithelial cells in innate antimicrobial defense. In addition, epigenetic modifications during bacterial cystitis have been implicated in bladder remodeling, conveying susceptibility to recurrent UTI. In total, contemporary work in this arena has better defined host processes that shape UTI susceptibility and severity and might inform the development of novel preventive and therapeutic approaches for acute and recurrent UTI.

AB - Recent advances in preclinical modeling of urinary tract infections (UTIs) have enabled the identification of key facets of the host response that influence pathogen clearance and tissue damage. Here, we review new insights into the functions of neutrophils, macrophages, and antimicrobial peptides in innate control of uropathogens and in mammalian infection-related tissue injury and repair. We also discuss novel functions for renal epithelial cells in innate antimicrobial defense. In addition, epigenetic modifications during bacterial cystitis have been implicated in bladder remodeling, conveying susceptibility to recurrent UTI. In total, contemporary work in this arena has better defined host processes that shape UTI susceptibility and severity and might inform the development of novel preventive and therapeutic approaches for acute and recurrent UTI.

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Immune defenses in the urinary tract

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Keywords

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