TY - JOUR
T1 - Identification of histone H3 lysine 36 acetylation as a highly conserved histone modification
AU - Morris, Stephanie A.
AU - Rao, Bhargavi
AU - Garcia, Benjamin A.
AU - Hake, Sandra B.
AU - Diaz, Robert L.
AU - Shabanowitz, Jeffrey
AU - Hunt, Donald F.
AU - Allis, C. David
AU - Lieb, Jason D.
AU - Strahl, Brian D.
PY - 2007/3/2
Y1 - 2007/3/2
N2 - Histone lysine acetylation is a major mechanism by which cells regulate the structure and function of chromatin, and new sites of acetylation continue to be discovered. Here we identify and characterize histone H3K36 acetylation (H3K36ac). By mass spectrometric analyses of H3 purified from Tetrahymena thermophila and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast), we find that H3K36 can be acetylated or methylated. Using an antibody specific to H3K36ac, we show that this modification is conserved in mammals. In yeast, genome-wide ChIP-chip experiments show that H3K36ac is localized predominantly to the promoters of RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes, a pattern inversely related to that of H3K36 methylation. The pattern of H3K36ac localization is similar to that of other sites of H3 acetylation, including H3K9ac and H3K14ac. Using histone acetyltransferase complexes purified from yeast, we show that the Gcn5-containing SAGA complex that regulates transcription specifically acetylates H3K36 in vitro. Deletion of GCN5 completely abolishes H3K36ac in vivo. These data expand our knowledge of the genomic targets of Gcn5, show H3K36ac is highly conserved, and raise the intriguing possibility that the transition between H3K36ac and H3K36me acts as an "acetyl/methyl switch" governing chromatin function along transcription units.
AB - Histone lysine acetylation is a major mechanism by which cells regulate the structure and function of chromatin, and new sites of acetylation continue to be discovered. Here we identify and characterize histone H3K36 acetylation (H3K36ac). By mass spectrometric analyses of H3 purified from Tetrahymena thermophila and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast), we find that H3K36 can be acetylated or methylated. Using an antibody specific to H3K36ac, we show that this modification is conserved in mammals. In yeast, genome-wide ChIP-chip experiments show that H3K36ac is localized predominantly to the promoters of RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes, a pattern inversely related to that of H3K36 methylation. The pattern of H3K36ac localization is similar to that of other sites of H3 acetylation, including H3K9ac and H3K14ac. Using histone acetyltransferase complexes purified from yeast, we show that the Gcn5-containing SAGA complex that regulates transcription specifically acetylates H3K36 in vitro. Deletion of GCN5 completely abolishes H3K36ac in vivo. These data expand our knowledge of the genomic targets of Gcn5, show H3K36ac is highly conserved, and raise the intriguing possibility that the transition between H3K36ac and H3K36me acts as an "acetyl/methyl switch" governing chromatin function along transcription units.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34147128561&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1074/jbc.M607909200
DO - 10.1074/jbc.M607909200
M3 - Article
C2 - 17189264
AN - SCOPUS:34147128561
SN - 0021-9258
VL - 282
SP - 7632
EP - 7640
JO - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry
IS - 10
ER -