TY - JOUR
T1 - Identification of cilia genes that affect cell-cycle progression using whole-genome transcriptome analysis in chlamydomonas reinhardtti
AU - Albee, Alison J.
AU - Kwan, Alan L.
AU - Lin, Huawen
AU - Granas, David
AU - Stormo, Gary D.
AU - Dutcher, Susan K.
PY - 2013/6
Y1 - 2013/6
N2 - Cilia are microtubule based organelles that project from cells. Cilia are found on almostevery cell type of the human body and numerous diseases, collectively termed ciliopathies, are associated with defects in cilia, including respiratory infections, male infertility, situs inversus, polycystic kidney disease, retinal degeneration, and Bardet-Biedl Syndrome. Here we show that Illumina-based whole-genome transcriptome analysis in the biflagellate green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii identifies 1850 genes upregulated during ciliogenesis, 4392 genes down-regulated, and 4548 genes with no change in expression during ciliogenesis. We examined four genes up-regulated and not previously known to be involved with cilia (ZMYND10, NXN, GLOD4, SPATA4) by knockdown of the human orthologs in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (hTERT-RPE1) cells to ask whether they are involved in cilia-related processes that include cilia assembly, cilia length control, basal body/centriole numbers, and the distance between basal bodies/ centrioles. All of the genes have cilia-related phenotypes and, surprisingly, our data show that knockdown of GLOD4 and SPATA4 also affects the cell cycle. These results demonstrate that whole-genome transcriptome analysis during ciliogenesis is a powerful tool to gain insight intothe molecular mechanism by which centrosomes and cilia are assembled.
AB - Cilia are microtubule based organelles that project from cells. Cilia are found on almostevery cell type of the human body and numerous diseases, collectively termed ciliopathies, are associated with defects in cilia, including respiratory infections, male infertility, situs inversus, polycystic kidney disease, retinal degeneration, and Bardet-Biedl Syndrome. Here we show that Illumina-based whole-genome transcriptome analysis in the biflagellate green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii identifies 1850 genes upregulated during ciliogenesis, 4392 genes down-regulated, and 4548 genes with no change in expression during ciliogenesis. We examined four genes up-regulated and not previously known to be involved with cilia (ZMYND10, NXN, GLOD4, SPATA4) by knockdown of the human orthologs in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (hTERT-RPE1) cells to ask whether they are involved in cilia-related processes that include cilia assembly, cilia length control, basal body/centriole numbers, and the distance between basal bodies/ centrioles. All of the genes have cilia-related phenotypes and, surprisingly, our data show that knockdown of GLOD4 and SPATA4 also affects the cell cycle. These results demonstrate that whole-genome transcriptome analysis during ciliogenesis is a powerful tool to gain insight intothe molecular mechanism by which centrosomes and cilia are assembled.
KW - Deflagellation
KW - Flagella
KW - GLOD4
KW - NXN
KW - SPATA4
KW - ZMYND10
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84881659937&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1534/g3.113.006338
DO - 10.1534/g3.113.006338
M3 - Article
C2 - 23604077
AN - SCOPUS:84881659937
SN - 2160-1836
VL - 3
SP - 979
EP - 991
JO - G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics
JF - G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics
IS - 6
ER -