Abstract
The normal ranges of sagittal curvatures in the spine vary considerably between individuals. Bernhardt and Bridwell (1) studied 102 adolescents noting wide ranges of thoracic kyphosis (9-53, SD 10) and lumbar lordosis (14 to 69, SD 12). Lumbar lordosis increased segmentally with 67% of lordosis located between L4 and the sacrum. Jackson and McManus (2) provided similar measurements, further noting that the upper thoracolumbar junction (T10-T12) averaged 5.5 of kyphosis, while the lower thoracolumbar junction (T12-L2) averaged 3 of lordosis.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Complications of Pediatric and Adult Spinal Surgery |
| Publisher | CRC Press |
| Pages | 493-512 |
| Number of pages | 20 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9780824753092 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9780824754211 |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2004 |