Human immunodeficiency virus has similar effects on brain volumetrics and cognition in males and females

Ashley M. Behrman-Lay; Robert H. Paul; Jodi Heaps-Woodruff; Laurie M. Baker; Christina Usher; Beau M. Ances

doi:10.1007/s13365-015-0373-8

Human immunodeficiency virus has similar effects on brain volumetrics and cognition in males and females

Ashley M. Behrman-Lay, Robert H. Paul, Jodi Heaps-Woodruff, Laurie M. Baker, Christina Usher, Beau M. Ances

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

Most studies that have examined neuropsychological impairments associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have focused on males, yet females represent one of the largest groups of newly infected patients. Further, few studies have examined neuropsychological performance and neuroimaging outcomes among females compared to males in the modern era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). The present study investigated neuropsychological performance and brain volumetrics among HIV+ males (n = 93) and females (n = 44) on stable HAART compared to HIV seronegative (HIV−) males (n = 42) and females (n = 49). Results revealed a significant effect of HIV on neuropsychological performance and neuroimaging measures. An effect of gender, independent of HIV status, was also observed for neuroimaging measures but not neuropsychological performance. Additionally, no significant differences in neuropsychological performance or brain volumetrics were seen between HIV+ males and females. No significant interaction was observed between HIV and gender on either neuropsychological or neuroimaging indices. Our results suggest that both HIV+ males and females treated with HAART experience similar outcomes in terms of brain integrity.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	93-103
Number of pages	11
Journal	Journal of NeuroVirology
Volume	22
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-015-0373-8
State	Published - Feb 1 2016

Keywords

Cognition
Gender
HIV
Neuroimaging
Neuropsychology
Volumetrics

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title = "Human immunodeficiency virus has similar effects on brain volumetrics and cognition in males and females",

abstract = "Most studies that have examined neuropsychological impairments associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have focused on males, yet females represent one of the largest groups of newly infected patients. Further, few studies have examined neuropsychological performance and neuroimaging outcomes among females compared to males in the modern era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). The present study investigated neuropsychological performance and brain volumetrics among HIV+ males (n = 93) and females (n = 44) on stable HAART compared to HIV seronegative (HIV−) males (n = 42) and females (n = 49). Results revealed a significant effect of HIV on neuropsychological performance and neuroimaging measures. An effect of gender, independent of HIV status, was also observed for neuroimaging measures but not neuropsychological performance. Additionally, no significant differences in neuropsychological performance or brain volumetrics were seen between HIV+ males and females. No significant interaction was observed between HIV and gender on either neuropsychological or neuroimaging indices. Our results suggest that both HIV+ males and females treated with HAART experience similar outcomes in terms of brain integrity.",

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author = "Behrman-Lay, {Ashley M.} and Paul, {Robert H.} and Jodi Heaps-Woodruff and Baker, {Laurie M.} and Christina Usher and Ances, {Beau M.}",

note = "Funding Information: The content of this study is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of NIH. This work was supported by the following grants: the National Institute of Mental Health (R21MH099979) (BA) (R01MH085604) (RP), the National Institute of Aging (R01 NS052420) (RP), and the National Institute of Nursing Research (R01NR012657, R01NR014449, R01NR012907) (BA). Research was conducted and supported by the Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (UL1 TR000448 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015, Journal of NeuroVirology, Inc.",

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AU - Paul, Robert H.

AU - Heaps-Woodruff, Jodi

AU - Baker, Laurie M.

AU - Usher, Christina

AU - Ances, Beau M.

N1 - Funding Information: The content of this study is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of NIH. This work was supported by the following grants: the National Institute of Mental Health (R21MH099979) (BA) (R01MH085604) (RP), the National Institute of Aging (R01 NS052420) (RP), and the National Institute of Nursing Research (R01NR012657, R01NR014449, R01NR012907) (BA). Research was conducted and supported by the Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (UL1 TR000448 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences). Publisher Copyright: © 2015, Journal of NeuroVirology, Inc.

PY - 2016/2/1

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N2 - Most studies that have examined neuropsychological impairments associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have focused on males, yet females represent one of the largest groups of newly infected patients. Further, few studies have examined neuropsychological performance and neuroimaging outcomes among females compared to males in the modern era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). The present study investigated neuropsychological performance and brain volumetrics among HIV+ males (n = 93) and females (n = 44) on stable HAART compared to HIV seronegative (HIV−) males (n = 42) and females (n = 49). Results revealed a significant effect of HIV on neuropsychological performance and neuroimaging measures. An effect of gender, independent of HIV status, was also observed for neuroimaging measures but not neuropsychological performance. Additionally, no significant differences in neuropsychological performance or brain volumetrics were seen between HIV+ males and females. No significant interaction was observed between HIV and gender on either neuropsychological or neuroimaging indices. Our results suggest that both HIV+ males and females treated with HAART experience similar outcomes in terms of brain integrity.

AB - Most studies that have examined neuropsychological impairments associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have focused on males, yet females represent one of the largest groups of newly infected patients. Further, few studies have examined neuropsychological performance and neuroimaging outcomes among females compared to males in the modern era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). The present study investigated neuropsychological performance and brain volumetrics among HIV+ males (n = 93) and females (n = 44) on stable HAART compared to HIV seronegative (HIV−) males (n = 42) and females (n = 49). Results revealed a significant effect of HIV on neuropsychological performance and neuroimaging measures. An effect of gender, independent of HIV status, was also observed for neuroimaging measures but not neuropsychological performance. Additionally, no significant differences in neuropsychological performance or brain volumetrics were seen between HIV+ males and females. No significant interaction was observed between HIV and gender on either neuropsychological or neuroimaging indices. Our results suggest that both HIV+ males and females treated with HAART experience similar outcomes in terms of brain integrity.

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Human immunodeficiency virus has similar effects on brain volumetrics and cognition in males and females

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