Human aromatase: Gene resequencing and functional genomics

Cynthia X. Ma, Araba A. Adjei, Oreste E. Salavaggione, Josefa Coronel, Linda Pelleymounter, Liewei Wang, Bruce W. Eckloff, Daniel Schaid, Eric D. Wieben, Alex A. Adjei, Richard M. Weinshilboum

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

175 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aromatase [cytochrome P450 19 (CYP19)] is a critical enzyme for estrogen biosynthesis, and aromatase inhibitors are of increasing importance in the treatment of breast cancer. We set out to identify and characterize genetic polymorphisms in the aromatase gene, CYP19, as a step toward pharmacogenomic studies of aromatase inhibitors. Specifically, we "resequenced" all coding exons, all upstream untranslated exons plus their presumed core promoter regions, all exonintron splice junctions, and a portion of the 3′-untranslated region of CYP19 using 240 DNA samples from four ethnic groups. Eighty-eight polymorphisms were identified, resulting in 44 haplotypes. Functional genomic studies were done with the four nonsynonymous coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (cSNP) that we observed, two of which were novel. Those cSNPs altered the following amino acids: Trp39Arg, Thr 201Met, Arg264Cys, and Met364Thr. The Cys 264, Thr364, and double variant Arg39Cys 264 allozymes showed significant decreases in levels of activity and immunoreactive protein when compared with the wild-type (WT) enzyme after transient expression in COS-1 cells. A slight decrease in protein level was also observed for the Arg39 allozyme, whereas Met201 displayed no significant changes in either activity or protein level when compared with the WT enzyme. There was also a 4-fold increase in apparent Km value for Thr364 with androstenedione as substrate. Of the recombinant allozymes, only the double mutant (Arg39CyS264) displayed a significant change from the WT enzyme in inhibitor constant for the aromatase inhibitors exemestane and letrozole. These observations indicate that genetic variation in CYP19 might contribute to variation in the pathophysiology of estrogen-dependent disease.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)11071-11082
Number of pages12
JournalCancer research
Volume65
Issue number23
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 1 2005

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