TY - JOUR
T1 - Host genetic susceptibility, dysbiosis, and viral triggers in inflammatory bowel disease
AU - Sun, Lulu
AU - Nava, Gerardo M.
AU - Stappenbeck, Thaddeus S.
PY - 2011/7
Y1 - 2011/7
N2 - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to occur in genetically susceptible individuals. However, environmental factors, potentially including shifts in commensal microbiota, are also required to trigger disease. This review discusses some of the recent discoveries in host susceptibility and interaction with the microbial environment, and pinpoints key areas for advancement in our understanding of IBD pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS: Meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies have uncovered many new exciting genes associated with susceptibility loci for IBD. In addition, improved methods to analyze the commensal microbiota pave the way to better define dysbiosis and its potential role in disease. Lastly, identification of viral triggers in experimental systems suggests a potential role for viral infection in IBD. SUMMARY: Understanding the precise microbial and immune triggers of IBD in a genetic context will hopefully lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease and the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches, including vaccination against specific viruses.
AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to occur in genetically susceptible individuals. However, environmental factors, potentially including shifts in commensal microbiota, are also required to trigger disease. This review discusses some of the recent discoveries in host susceptibility and interaction with the microbial environment, and pinpoints key areas for advancement in our understanding of IBD pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS: Meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies have uncovered many new exciting genes associated with susceptibility loci for IBD. In addition, improved methods to analyze the commensal microbiota pave the way to better define dysbiosis and its potential role in disease. Lastly, identification of viral triggers in experimental systems suggests a potential role for viral infection in IBD. SUMMARY: Understanding the precise microbial and immune triggers of IBD in a genetic context will hopefully lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease and the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches, including vaccination against specific viruses.
KW - dysbiosis
KW - genetic susceptibility to disease
KW - inflammatory bowel disease
KW - viral triggers
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79958816030&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/MOG.0b013e32834661b4
DO - 10.1097/MOG.0b013e32834661b4
M3 - Review article
C2 - 21483258
AN - SCOPUS:79958816030
SN - 0267-1379
VL - 27
SP - 321
EP - 327
JO - Current opinion in gastroenterology
JF - Current opinion in gastroenterology
IS - 4
ER -