Health-aware battery charging via iterative nonlinear optimal control syntheses

There is an increasing recognition of the critical importance of charging for the safety and life of lithium-ion batteries. This paper proposes a computationally efficient optimal control approach for the problem of real-time charging control. By incorporating specific constraints that must be satisfied during charging, a health-aware operation is promoted. To determine the optimal charging current in the given setup, a recently proposed iterative framework for solving constrained optimal control problems is leveraged. It is found that the resulting optimal charging currents can be expressed in terms of a piecewise-affine time-invariant state feedback law, which results in a high computational efficiency for the optimal control solution.