Hair Cortisol in Twins: Heritability and Genetic Overlap with Psychological Variables and Stress-System Genes

Liz Rietschel; Fabian Streit; Gu Zhu; Kerrie McAloney; Josef Frank; Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne; Stephanie H. Witt; Tina M. Binz; Jennifer L. Bolton; Caroline Hayward; Nese Direk; Anna Anderson; Jennifer Huffman; James F. Wilson; Harry Campbell; Igor Rudan; Alan Wright; Nicholas Hastie; Sarah H. Wild; Fleur P. Velders; Albert Hofman; Andre G. Uitterlinden; Jari Lahti; Katri Räikkönen; Eero Kajantie; Elisabeth Widen; Aarno Palotie; Johan G. Eriksson; Marika Kaakinen; Marjo Riitta Järvelin; Nicholas J. Timpson; George Davey Smith; Susan M. Ring; David M. Evans; Beate St Pourcain; Toshiko Tanaka; Yuri Milaneschi; Stefania Bandinelli; Luigi Ferrucci; Pim Van Der Harst; Judith Gm Rosmalen; Stephen Jl Bakker; Niek Verweij; Robin Pf Dullaart; Anubha Mahajan; Cecilia M. Lindgren; Andrew Morris; Lars Lind; Erik Ingelsson; Laura N. Anderson; Craig E. Pennell; Stephen J. Lye; Stephen G. Matthews; Joel Eriksson; Dan Mellstrom; Claes Ohlsson; Jackie F. Price; Mark Wj Strachan; Rebecca M. Reynolds; Henning Tiemeier; Stephan Ripke; Manuel Mattheisen; Abdel Abdellaoui; Mark J. Adams; Esben Agerbo; Tracy M. Air; Till Fm Andlauer; Silviu Alin Bacanu; Marie Bækvad-Hansen; Aartjan Tf Beekman; David A. Bennett; Klaus Berger; Tim B. Bigdeli; Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm; Enda M. Byrne; Na Cai; Enrique Castelao; Toni Kim Clarke; Jonathan Ri Coleman; Converge Consortium; Nick Craddock; Udo Dannlowski; Gareth Davies; Gail Davies; Eco J.C. De Geus; Philip De Jager; Ian J. Deary; Franziska Degenhardt; Erin C. Dunn; Erik A. Ehli; Thalia C. Eley; Valentina Escott-Price; Tõnu Esko; Hilary K. Finucane; Michael Gill; Scott D. Gordon; Jakob Grove; Lynsey S. Hall; Thomas F. Hansen; Christine Søholm Hansen; Andrew C. Heath; Anjali K. Henders; Stefan Herms; Per Hoffmann; Georg Homuth; Carsten Horn; Jouke Jan Hottenga; David Hougaard; Hailiang Huang; Marcus Ising; Rick Jansen; Eric Jorgenson; Stefan Kloiber; James A. Knowles; Warren W. Kretzschmar; Jesper Krogh; Zoltán Kutalik; Maren Lang; Glyn Lewis; Yihan Li; Donald J. MacIntyre; Pamela Af Madden; Jonathan Marchine; Hamdi Mbarek; Peter McGuffin; Divya Mehta; Andres Metspalu; Christel M. Middeldorp; Evelin Mihailov; Lili Milani; Grant W. Montgomery; Sara Mostafavi; Niamh Mullins; Matthias Nauck; Bernard Ng; Merete Nordentoft; Dale R. Nyholt; Michael C. O'Donovan; Paul F. O'Reilly; Hogni Oskarsson; Michael J. Owen; Sara A. Paciga; Carsten Bøcker Pedersen; Marianne Giørtz Pedersen; Nancy L. Pedersen; Michele L. Pergadia; Roseann E. Peterson; Erik Pettersson; Wouter J. Peyrot; David J. Porteous; Danielle Posthuma; James B. Potash; Jorge A. Quiroz; John P. Rice; Brien P. Riley; Margarita Rivera; Douglas M. Ruderfer; Saira Saeed Mirza; Robert Schoevers; Ling Shen; Jianxin Shi; Engilbert Sigurdsson; Grant Cb Sinnamon; Johannes H. Smit; Daniel J. Smith; Hreinn Stephansson; Stacy Steinberg; Jana Strohmaier; Katherine E. Tansey; Alexander Teumer; Wesley Thompson; Pippa A. Thomson; Thorgeir E. Thorgeirsson; Jens Treutlein; Maciej Trzaskowski; Daniel Umbricht; Sandra Van Der Auwera; Gerard Van Grootheest; Albert M. Van Hemert; Alexander Viktorin; Henry Völzke; Yunpeng Wang; Bradley T. Webb; Myrna M. Weissman; Jürgen Wellmann; Gonneke Willemsen; Hualin S. Xi; Bernhard T. Baune; Douglas H.R. Blackwood; Dorret I. Boomsma; Anders D. Børglum; Henriette N. Buttenschøn; Sven Cichon; Enrico Domenici; Jonathan Flint; Hans J. Grabe; Steven P. Hamilton; Kenneth S. Kendler; Qingqin S. Li; Susanne Lucae; Patrik K. Magnusson; Andrew M. McIntosh; Ole Mors; Preben Bo Mortensen; Bertram Müller-Myhsok; Brenda Wjh Penninx; Roy H. Perlis; Martin Preisig; Catherine Schaefer; Jordan W. Smoller; Kari Stephansson; Rudolf Uher; Thomas Werge; Ashley R. Winslow; Gerome Breen; Douglas F. Levinson; Cathryn M. Lewis; Naomi R. Wray; Patrick F. Sullivan; John McGrath; Ian B. Hickie; Narelle K. Hansell; Margaret J. Wright; Nathan A. Gillespie; Andreas J. Forstner; Thomas G. Schulze; Stefan Wüst; Markus M. Nöthen; Markus R. Baumgartner; Brian R. Walker; Andrew A. Crawford; Lucía Colodro-Conde; Sarah E. Medland; Nicholas G. Martin; Marcella Rietschel

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11852-3

Hair Cortisol in Twins: Heritability and Genetic Overlap with Psychological Variables and Stress-System Genes

Liz Rietschel, Fabian Streit, Gu Zhu, Kerrie McAloney, Josef Frank, Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne, Stephanie H. Witt, Tina M. Binz, Jennifer L. Bolton, Caroline Hayward, Nese Direk, Anna Anderson, Jennifer Huffman, James F. Wilson, Harry Campbell, Igor Rudan, Alan Wright, Nicholas Hastie, Sarah H. Wild, Fleur P. VeldersAlbert Hofman, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Jari Lahti, Katri Räikkönen, Eero Kajantie, Elisabeth Widen, Aarno Palotie, Johan G. Eriksson, Marika Kaakinen, Marjo Riitta Järvelin, Nicholas J. Timpson, George Davey Smith, Susan M. Ring, David M. Evans, Beate St Pourcain, Toshiko Tanaka, Yuri Milaneschi, Stefania Bandinelli, Luigi Ferrucci, Pim Van Der Harst, Judith Gm Rosmalen, Stephen Jl Bakker, Niek Verweij, Robin Pf Dullaart, Anubha Mahajan, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Andrew Morris, Lars Lind, Erik Ingelsson, Laura N. Anderson, Craig E. Pennell, Stephen J. Lye, Stephen G. Matthews, Joel Eriksson, Dan Mellstrom, Claes Ohlsson, Jackie F. Price, Mark Wj Strachan, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Henning Tiemeier, Stephan Ripke, Manuel Mattheisen, Abdel Abdellaoui, Mark J. Adams, Esben Agerbo, Tracy M. Air, Till Fm Andlauer, Silviu Alin Bacanu, Marie Bækvad-Hansen, Aartjan Tf Beekman, David A. Bennett, Klaus Berger, Tim B. Bigdeli, Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm, Enda M. Byrne, Na Cai, Enrique Castelao, Toni Kim Clarke, Jonathan Ri Coleman, Converge Consortium, Nick Craddock, Udo Dannlowski, Gareth Davies, Gail Davies, Eco J.C. De Geus, Philip De Jager, Ian J. Deary, Franziska Degenhardt, Erin C. Dunn, Erik A. Ehli, Thalia C. Eley, Valentina Escott-Price, Tõnu Esko, Hilary K. Finucane, Michael Gill, Scott D. Gordon, Jakob Grove, Lynsey S. Hall, Thomas F. Hansen, Christine Søholm Hansen, Andrew C. Heath, Anjali K. Henders, Stefan Herms, Per Hoffmann, Georg Homuth, Carsten Horn, Jouke Jan Hottenga, David Hougaard, Hailiang Huang, Marcus Ising, Rick Jansen, Eric Jorgenson, Stefan Kloiber, James A. Knowles, Warren W. Kretzschmar, Jesper Krogh, Zoltán Kutalik, Maren Lang, Glyn Lewis, Yihan Li, Donald J. MacIntyre, Pamela Af Madden, Jonathan Marchine, Hamdi Mbarek, Peter McGuffin, Divya Mehta, Andres Metspalu, Christel M. Middeldorp, Evelin Mihailov, Lili Milani, Grant W. Montgomery, Sara Mostafavi, Niamh Mullins, Matthias Nauck, Bernard Ng, Merete Nordentoft, Dale R. Nyholt, Michael C. O'Donovan, Paul F. O'Reilly, Hogni Oskarsson, Michael J. Owen, Sara A. Paciga, Carsten Bøcker Pedersen, Marianne Giørtz Pedersen, Nancy L. Pedersen, Michele L. Pergadia, Roseann E. Peterson, Erik Pettersson, Wouter J. Peyrot, David J. Porteous, Danielle Posthuma, James B. Potash, Jorge A. Quiroz, John P. Rice, Brien P. Riley, Margarita Rivera, Douglas M. Ruderfer, Saira Saeed Mirza, Robert Schoevers, Ling Shen, Jianxin Shi, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Grant Cb Sinnamon, Johannes H. Smit, Daniel J. Smith, Hreinn Stephansson, Stacy Steinberg, Jana Strohmaier, Katherine E. Tansey, Alexander Teumer, Wesley Thompson, Pippa A. Thomson, Thorgeir E. Thorgeirsson, Jens Treutlein, Maciej Trzaskowski, Daniel Umbricht, Sandra Van Der Auwera, Gerard Van Grootheest, Albert M. Van Hemert, Alexander Viktorin, Henry Völzke, Yunpeng Wang, Bradley T. Webb, Myrna M. Weissman, Jürgen Wellmann, Gonneke Willemsen, Hualin S. Xi, Bernhard T. Baune, Douglas H.R. Blackwood, Dorret I. Boomsma, Anders D. Børglum, Henriette N. Buttenschøn, Sven Cichon, Enrico Domenici, Jonathan Flint, Hans J. Grabe, Steven P. Hamilton, Kenneth S. Kendler, Qingqin S. Li, Susanne Lucae, Patrik K. Magnusson, Andrew M. McIntosh, Ole Mors, Preben Bo Mortensen, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Brenda Wjh Penninx, Roy H. Perlis, Martin Preisig, Catherine Schaefer, Jordan W. Smoller, Kari Stephansson, Rudolf Uher, Thomas Werge, Ashley R. Winslow, Gerome Breen, Douglas F. Levinson, Cathryn M. Lewis, Naomi R. Wray, Patrick F. Sullivan, John McGrath, Ian B. Hickie, Narelle K. Hansell, Margaret J. Wright, Nathan A. Gillespie, Andreas J. Forstner, Thomas G. Schulze, Stefan Wüst, Markus M. Nöthen, Markus R. Baumgartner, Brian R. Walker, Andrew A. Crawford, Lucía Colodro-Conde, Sarah E. Medland, Nicholas G. Martin, Marcella Rietschel

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

54 Scopus citations

Abstract

Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is a promising measure of long-Term hypothalamus-pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Previous research has suggested an association between HCC and psychological variables, and initial studies of inter-individual variance in HCC have implicated genetic factors. However, whether HCC and psychological variables share genetic risk factors remains unclear. The aims of the present twin study were to: (i) assess the heritability of HCC; (ii) estimate the phenotypic and genetic correlation between HPA axis activity and the psychological variables perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism; using formal genetic twin models and molecular genetic methods, i.e. polygenic risk scores (PRS). HCC was measured in 671 adolescents and young adults. These included 115 monozygotic and 183 dizygotic twin-pairs. For 432 subjects PRS scores for plasma cortisol, major depression, and neuroticism were calculated using data from large genome wide association studies. The twin model revealed a heritability for HCC of 72%. No significant phenotypic or genetic correlation was found between HCC and the three psychological variables of interest. PRS did not explain variance in HCC. The present data suggest that HCC is highly heritable. However, the data do not support a strong biological link between HCC and any of the investigated psychological variables.

Original language	English
Article number	15351
Journal	Scientific reports
Volume	7
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11852-3
State	Published - Dec 1 2017

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10.1038/s41598-017-11852-3

Cite this

Rietschel, L., Streit, F., Zhu, G., McAloney, K., Frank, J., Couvy-Duchesne, B., Witt, S. H., Binz, T. M., Bolton, J. L., Hayward, C., Direk, N., Anderson, A., Huffman, J., Wilson, J. F., Campbell, H., Rudan, I., Wright, A., Hastie, N., Wild, S. H., ... Rietschel, M. (2017). Hair Cortisol in Twins: Heritability and Genetic Overlap with Psychological Variables and Stress-System Genes. Scientific reports, 7(1), Article 15351. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11852-3

@article{7e7078f9e54240d6bb87b78d3a32cd6c,

title = "Hair Cortisol in Twins: Heritability and Genetic Overlap with Psychological Variables and Stress-System Genes",

abstract = "Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is a promising measure of long-Term hypothalamus-pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Previous research has suggested an association between HCC and psychological variables, and initial studies of inter-individual variance in HCC have implicated genetic factors. However, whether HCC and psychological variables share genetic risk factors remains unclear. The aims of the present twin study were to: (i) assess the heritability of HCC; (ii) estimate the phenotypic and genetic correlation between HPA axis activity and the psychological variables perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism; using formal genetic twin models and molecular genetic methods, i.e. polygenic risk scores (PRS). HCC was measured in 671 adolescents and young adults. These included 115 monozygotic and 183 dizygotic twin-pairs. For 432 subjects PRS scores for plasma cortisol, major depression, and neuroticism were calculated using data from large genome wide association studies. The twin model revealed a heritability for HCC of 72%. No significant phenotypic or genetic correlation was found between HCC and the three psychological variables of interest. PRS did not explain variance in HCC. The present data suggest that HCC is highly heritable. However, the data do not support a strong biological link between HCC and any of the investigated psychological variables.",

author = "Liz Rietschel and Fabian Streit and Gu Zhu and Kerrie McAloney and Josef Frank and Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne and Witt, {Stephanie H.} and Binz, {Tina M.} and Bolton, {Jennifer L.} and Caroline Hayward and Nese Direk and Anna Anderson and Jennifer Huffman and Wilson, {James F.} and Harry Campbell and Igor Rudan and Alan Wright and Nicholas Hastie and Wild, {Sarah H.} and Velders, {Fleur P.} and Albert Hofman and Uitterlinden, {Andre G.} and Jari Lahti and Katri R{\"a}ikk{\"o}nen and Eero Kajantie and Elisabeth Widen and Aarno Palotie and Eriksson, {Johan G.} and Marika Kaakinen and J{\"a}rvelin, {Marjo Riitta} and Timpson, {Nicholas J.} and {Davey Smith}, George and Ring, {Susan M.} and Evans, {David M.} and {St Pourcain}, Beate and Toshiko Tanaka and Yuri Milaneschi and Stefania Bandinelli and Luigi Ferrucci and {Van Der Harst}, Pim and Rosmalen, {Judith Gm} and Bakker, {Stephen Jl} and Niek Verweij and Dullaart, {Robin Pf} and Anubha Mahajan and Lindgren, {Cecilia M.} and Andrew Morris and Lars Lind and Erik Ingelsson and Anderson, {Laura N.} and Pennell, {Craig E.} and Lye, {Stephen J.} and Matthews, {Stephen G.} and Joel Eriksson and Dan Mellstrom and Claes Ohlsson and Price, {Jackie F.} and Strachan, {Mark Wj} and Reynolds, {Rebecca M.} and Henning Tiemeier and Stephan Ripke and Manuel Mattheisen and Abdel Abdellaoui and Adams, {Mark J.} and Esben Agerbo and Air, {Tracy M.} and Andlauer, {Till Fm} and Bacanu, {Silviu Alin} and Marie B{\ae}kvad-Hansen and Beekman, {Aartjan Tf} and Bennett, {David A.} and Klaus Berger and Bigdeli, {Tim B.} and Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm and Byrne, {Enda M.} and Na Cai and Enrique Castelao and Clarke, {Toni Kim} and Coleman, {Jonathan Ri} and Converge Consortium and Nick Craddock and Udo Dannlowski and Gareth Davies and Gail Davies and {De Geus}, {Eco J.C.} and {De Jager}, Philip and Deary, {Ian J.} and Franziska Degenhardt and Dunn, {Erin C.} and Ehli, {Erik A.} and Eley, {Thalia C.} and Valentina Escott-Price and T{\~o}nu Esko and Finucane, {Hilary K.} and Michael Gill and Gordon, {Scott D.} and Jakob Grove and Hall, {Lynsey S.} and Hansen, {Thomas F.} and {S{\o}holm Hansen}, Christine and Heath, {Andrew C.} and Henders, {Anjali K.} and Stefan Herms and Per Hoffmann and Georg Homuth and Carsten Horn and Hottenga, {Jouke Jan} and David Hougaard and Hailiang Huang and Marcus Ising and Rick Jansen and Eric Jorgenson and Stefan Kloiber and Knowles, {James A.} and Kretzschmar, {Warren W.} and Jesper Krogh and Zolt{\'a}n Kutalik and Maren Lang and Glyn Lewis and Yihan Li and MacIntyre, {Donald J.} and Madden, {Pamela Af} and Jonathan Marchine and Hamdi Mbarek and Peter McGuffin and Divya Mehta and Andres Metspalu and Middeldorp, {Christel M.} and Evelin Mihailov and Lili Milani and Montgomery, {Grant W.} and Sara Mostafavi and Niamh Mullins and Matthias Nauck and Bernard Ng and Merete Nordentoft and Nyholt, {Dale R.} and O'Donovan, {Michael C.} and O'Reilly, {Paul F.} and Hogni Oskarsson and Owen, {Michael J.} and Paciga, {Sara A.} and Pedersen, {Carsten B{\o}cker} and Pedersen, {Marianne Gi{\o}rtz} and Pedersen, {Nancy L.} and Pergadia, {Michele L.} and Peterson, {Roseann E.} and Erik Pettersson and Peyrot, {Wouter J.} and Porteous, {David J.} and Danielle Posthuma and Potash, {James B.} and Quiroz, {Jorge A.} and Rice, {John P.} and Riley, {Brien P.} and Margarita Rivera and Ruderfer, {Douglas M.} and {Saeed Mirza}, Saira and Robert Schoevers and Ling Shen and Jianxin Shi and Engilbert Sigurdsson and Sinnamon, {Grant Cb} and Smit, {Johannes H.} and Smith, {Daniel J.} and Hreinn Stephansson and Stacy Steinberg and Jana Strohmaier and Tansey, {Katherine E.} and Alexander Teumer and Wesley Thompson and Thomson, {Pippa A.} and Thorgeirsson, {Thorgeir E.} and Jens Treutlein and Maciej Trzaskowski and Daniel Umbricht and {Van Der Auwera}, Sandra and {Van Grootheest}, Gerard and {Van Hemert}, {Albert M.} and Alexander Viktorin and Henry V{\"o}lzke and Yunpeng Wang and Webb, {Bradley T.} and Weissman, {Myrna M.} and J{\"u}rgen Wellmann and Gonneke Willemsen and Xi, {Hualin S.} and Baune, {Bernhard T.} and Blackwood, {Douglas H.R.} and Boomsma, {Dorret I.} and B{\o}rglum, {Anders D.} and Buttensch{\o}n, {Henriette N.} and Sven Cichon and Enrico Domenici and Jonathan Flint and Grabe, {Hans J.} and Hamilton, {Steven P.} and Kendler, {Kenneth S.} and Li, {Qingqin S.} and Susanne Lucae and Magnusson, {Patrik K.} and McIntosh, {Andrew M.} and Ole Mors and {Bo Mortensen}, Preben and Bertram M{\"u}ller-Myhsok and Penninx, {Brenda Wjh} and Perlis, {Roy H.} and Martin Preisig and Catherine Schaefer and Smoller, {Jordan W.} and Kari Stephansson and Rudolf Uher and Thomas Werge and Winslow, {Ashley R.} and Gerome Breen and Levinson, {Douglas F.} and Lewis, {Cathryn M.} and Wray, {Naomi R.} and Sullivan, {Patrick F.} and John McGrath and Hickie, {Ian B.} and Hansell, {Narelle K.} and Wright, {Margaret J.} and Gillespie, {Nathan A.} and Forstner, {Andreas J.} and Schulze, {Thomas G.} and Stefan W{\"u}st and N{\"o}then, {Markus M.} and Baumgartner, {Markus R.} and Walker, {Brian R.} and Crawford, {Andrew A.} and Luc{\'i}a Colodro-Conde and Medland, {Sarah E.} and Martin, {Nicholas G.} and Marcella Rietschel",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 The Author(s).",

year = "2017",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1038/s41598-017-11852-3",

language = "English",

volume = "7",

journal = "Scientific reports",

issn = "2045-2322",

number = "1",

}

Rietschel, L, Streit, F, Zhu, G, McAloney, K, Frank, J, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Witt, SH, Binz, TM, Bolton, JL, Hayward, C, Direk, N, Anderson, A, Huffman, J, Wilson, JF, Campbell, H, Rudan, I, Wright, A, Hastie, N, Wild, SH, Velders, FP, Hofman, A, Uitterlinden, AG, Lahti, J, Räikkönen, K, Kajantie, E, Widen, E, Palotie, A, Eriksson, JG, Kaakinen, M, Järvelin, MR, Timpson, NJ, Davey Smith, G, Ring, SM, Evans, DM, St Pourcain, B, Tanaka, T, Milaneschi, Y, Bandinelli, S, Ferrucci, L, Van Der Harst, P, Rosmalen, JG, Bakker, SJ, Verweij, N, Dullaart, RP, Mahajan, A, Lindgren, CM, Morris, A, Lind, L, Ingelsson, E, Anderson, LN, Pennell, CE, Lye, SJ, Matthews, SG, Eriksson, J, Mellstrom, D, Ohlsson, C, Price, JF, Strachan, MW, Reynolds, RM, Tiemeier, H, Ripke, S, Mattheisen, M, Abdellaoui, A, Adams, MJ, Agerbo, E, Air, TM, Andlauer, TF, Bacanu, SA, Bækvad-Hansen, M, Beekman, AT, Bennett, DA, Berger, K, Bigdeli, TB, Bybjerg-Grauholm, J, Byrne, EM, Cai, N, Castelao, E, Clarke, TK, Coleman, JR, Consortium, C, Craddock, N, Dannlowski, U, Davies, G, Davies, G, De Geus, EJC, De Jager, P, Deary, IJ, Degenhardt, F, Dunn, EC, Ehli, EA, Eley, TC, Escott-Price, V, Esko, T, Finucane, HK, Gill, M, Gordon, SD, Grove, J, Hall, LS, Hansen, TF, Søholm Hansen, C, Heath, AC, Henders, AK, Herms, S, Hoffmann, P, Homuth, G, Horn, C, Hottenga, JJ, Hougaard, D, Huang, H, Ising, M, Jansen, R, Jorgenson, E, Kloiber, S, Knowles, JA, Kretzschmar, WW, Krogh, J, Kutalik, Z, Lang, M, Lewis, G, Li, Y, MacIntyre, DJ, Madden, PA, Marchine, J, Mbarek, H, McGuffin, P, Mehta, D, Metspalu, A, Middeldorp, CM, Mihailov, E, Milani, L, Montgomery, GW, Mostafavi, S, Mullins, N, Nauck, M, Ng, B, Nordentoft, M, Nyholt, DR, O'Donovan, MC, O'Reilly, PF, Oskarsson, H, Owen, MJ, Paciga, SA, Pedersen, CB, Pedersen, MG, Pedersen, NL, Pergadia, ML, Peterson, RE, Pettersson, E, Peyrot, WJ, Porteous, DJ, Posthuma, D, Potash, JB, Quiroz, JA, Rice, JP, Riley, BP, Rivera, M, Ruderfer, DM, Saeed Mirza, S, Schoevers, R, Shen, L, Shi, J, Sigurdsson, E, Sinnamon, GC, Smit, JH, Smith, DJ, Stephansson, H, Steinberg, S, Strohmaier, J, Tansey, KE, Teumer, A, Thompson, W, Thomson, PA, Thorgeirsson, TE, Treutlein, J, Trzaskowski, M, Umbricht, D, Van Der Auwera, S, Van Grootheest, G, Van Hemert, AM, Viktorin, A, Völzke, H, Wang, Y, Webb, BT, Weissman, MM, Wellmann, J, Willemsen, G, Xi, HS, Baune, BT, Blackwood, DHR, Boomsma, DI, Børglum, AD, Buttenschøn, HN, Cichon, S, Domenici, E, Flint, J, Grabe, HJ, Hamilton, SP, Kendler, KS, Li, QS, Lucae, S, Magnusson, PK, McIntosh, AM, Mors, O, Bo Mortensen, P, Müller-Myhsok, B, Penninx, BW, Perlis, RH, Preisig, M, Schaefer, C, Smoller, JW, Stephansson, K, Uher, R, Werge, T, Winslow, AR, Breen, G, Levinson, DF, Lewis, CM, Wray, NR, Sullivan, PF, McGrath, J, Hickie, IB, Hansell, NK, Wright, MJ, Gillespie, NA, Forstner, AJ, Schulze, TG, Wüst, S, Nöthen, MM, Baumgartner, MR, Walker, BR, Crawford, AA, Colodro-Conde, L, Medland, SE, Martin, NG & Rietschel, M 2017, 'Hair Cortisol in Twins: Heritability and Genetic Overlap with Psychological Variables and Stress-System Genes', Scientific reports, vol. 7, no. 1, 15351. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11852-3

TY - JOUR

T1 - Hair Cortisol in Twins

T2 - Heritability and Genetic Overlap with Psychological Variables and Stress-System Genes

AU - Rietschel, Liz

AU - Streit, Fabian

AU - Zhu, Gu

AU - McAloney, Kerrie

AU - Frank, Josef

AU - Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste

AU - Witt, Stephanie H.

AU - Binz, Tina M.

AU - Bolton, Jennifer L.

AU - Hayward, Caroline

AU - Direk, Nese

AU - Anderson, Anna

AU - Huffman, Jennifer

AU - Wilson, James F.

AU - Campbell, Harry

AU - Rudan, Igor

AU - Wright, Alan

AU - Hastie, Nicholas

AU - Wild, Sarah H.

AU - Velders, Fleur P.

AU - Hofman, Albert

AU - Uitterlinden, Andre G.

AU - Lahti, Jari

AU - Räikkönen, Katri

AU - Kajantie, Eero

AU - Widen, Elisabeth

AU - Palotie, Aarno

AU - Eriksson, Johan G.

AU - Kaakinen, Marika

AU - Järvelin, Marjo Riitta

AU - Timpson, Nicholas J.

AU - Davey Smith, George

AU - Ring, Susan M.

AU - Evans, David M.

AU - St Pourcain, Beate

AU - Tanaka, Toshiko

AU - Milaneschi, Yuri

AU - Bandinelli, Stefania

AU - Ferrucci, Luigi

AU - Van Der Harst, Pim

AU - Rosmalen, Judith Gm

AU - Bakker, Stephen Jl

AU - Verweij, Niek

AU - Dullaart, Robin Pf

AU - Mahajan, Anubha

AU - Lindgren, Cecilia M.

AU - Morris, Andrew

AU - Lind, Lars

AU - Ingelsson, Erik

AU - Anderson, Laura N.

AU - Pennell, Craig E.

AU - Lye, Stephen J.

AU - Matthews, Stephen G.

AU - Eriksson, Joel

AU - Mellstrom, Dan

AU - Ohlsson, Claes

AU - Price, Jackie F.

AU - Strachan, Mark Wj

AU - Reynolds, Rebecca M.

AU - Tiemeier, Henning

AU - Ripke, Stephan

AU - Mattheisen, Manuel

AU - Abdellaoui, Abdel

AU - Adams, Mark J.

AU - Agerbo, Esben

AU - Air, Tracy M.

AU - Andlauer, Till Fm

AU - Bacanu, Silviu Alin

AU - Bækvad-Hansen, Marie

AU - Beekman, Aartjan Tf

AU - Bennett, David A.

AU - Berger, Klaus

AU - Bigdeli, Tim B.

AU - Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas

AU - Byrne, Enda M.

AU - Cai, Na

AU - Castelao, Enrique

AU - Clarke, Toni Kim

AU - Coleman, Jonathan Ri

AU - Consortium, Converge

AU - Craddock, Nick

AU - Dannlowski, Udo

AU - Davies, Gareth

AU - Davies, Gail

AU - De Geus, Eco J.C.

AU - De Jager, Philip

AU - Deary, Ian J.

AU - Degenhardt, Franziska

AU - Dunn, Erin C.

AU - Ehli, Erik A.

AU - Eley, Thalia C.

AU - Escott-Price, Valentina

AU - Esko, Tõnu

AU - Finucane, Hilary K.

AU - Gill, Michael

AU - Gordon, Scott D.

AU - Grove, Jakob

AU - Hall, Lynsey S.

AU - Hansen, Thomas F.

AU - Søholm Hansen, Christine

AU - Heath, Andrew C.

AU - Henders, Anjali K.

AU - Herms, Stefan

AU - Hoffmann, Per

AU - Homuth, Georg

AU - Horn, Carsten

AU - Hottenga, Jouke Jan

AU - Hougaard, David

AU - Huang, Hailiang

AU - Ising, Marcus

AU - Jansen, Rick

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PY - 2017/12/1

Y1 - 2017/12/1

N2 - Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is a promising measure of long-Term hypothalamus-pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Previous research has suggested an association between HCC and psychological variables, and initial studies of inter-individual variance in HCC have implicated genetic factors. However, whether HCC and psychological variables share genetic risk factors remains unclear. The aims of the present twin study were to: (i) assess the heritability of HCC; (ii) estimate the phenotypic and genetic correlation between HPA axis activity and the psychological variables perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism; using formal genetic twin models and molecular genetic methods, i.e. polygenic risk scores (PRS). HCC was measured in 671 adolescents and young adults. These included 115 monozygotic and 183 dizygotic twin-pairs. For 432 subjects PRS scores for plasma cortisol, major depression, and neuroticism were calculated using data from large genome wide association studies. The twin model revealed a heritability for HCC of 72%. No significant phenotypic or genetic correlation was found between HCC and the three psychological variables of interest. PRS did not explain variance in HCC. The present data suggest that HCC is highly heritable. However, the data do not support a strong biological link between HCC and any of the investigated psychological variables.

AB - Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is a promising measure of long-Term hypothalamus-pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Previous research has suggested an association between HCC and psychological variables, and initial studies of inter-individual variance in HCC have implicated genetic factors. However, whether HCC and psychological variables share genetic risk factors remains unclear. The aims of the present twin study were to: (i) assess the heritability of HCC; (ii) estimate the phenotypic and genetic correlation between HPA axis activity and the psychological variables perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism; using formal genetic twin models and molecular genetic methods, i.e. polygenic risk scores (PRS). HCC was measured in 671 adolescents and young adults. These included 115 monozygotic and 183 dizygotic twin-pairs. For 432 subjects PRS scores for plasma cortisol, major depression, and neuroticism were calculated using data from large genome wide association studies. The twin model revealed a heritability for HCC of 72%. No significant phenotypic or genetic correlation was found between HCC and the three psychological variables of interest. PRS did not explain variance in HCC. The present data suggest that HCC is highly heritable. However, the data do not support a strong biological link between HCC and any of the investigated psychological variables.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85033567547&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1038/s41598-017-11852-3

DO - 10.1038/s41598-017-11852-3

M3 - Article

C2 - 29127340

AN - SCOPUS:85033567547

SN - 2045-2322

VL - 7

JO - Scientific reports

JF - Scientific reports

IS - 1

M1 - 15351

ER -

Hair Cortisol in Twins: Heritability and Genetic Overlap with Psychological Variables and Stress-System Genes

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