TY - JOUR
T1 - Gut microbiome development and childhood undernutrition
AU - Barratt, Michael J.
AU - Ahmed, Tahmeed
AU - Gordon, Jeffrey I.
N1 - Funding Information:
We are indebted to our Breast Milk, Gut Microbiome and Immunity (BMMI) Project Investigators, which include members of the Gordon lab, the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) and collaborators, for their many insights and contributions. Work cited from the authors’ labs was supported by grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the National Institutes of Health ( DK30292 and DK131107 ).
Funding Information:
We are indebted to our Breast Milk, Gut Microbiome and Immunity (BMMI) Project Investigators, which include members of the Gordon lab, the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) and collaborators, for their many insights and contributions. Work cited from the authors’ labs was supported by grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the National Institutes of Health (DK30292 and DK131107). The authors declare no competing interests. The authors have patent applications related to the use of MDCF-2 and B. infantis Bg_2D9 for the treatment of malnutrition.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/5/11
Y1 - 2022/5/11
N2 - Forty-five percent of deaths among children under 5 years of age are associated with undernutrition. Globally, almost 200 million children exhibit the two major forms of undernutrition—wasting (low weight-for-height) or stunting (low height-for-age), with many affected by both. Undernutrition is not due to food insecurity alone. Growing evidence indicates that perturbed postnatal gut microbiome development contributes to its pathogenesis. This perspective focuses on defining and repairing these defects in gut microbiome development. We describe an approach that involves the analysis of well-phenotyped human cohorts, followed by preclinical studies using gnotobiotic animals colonized with microbiota from these cohorts. Additionally, these models can be used to identify therapeutic targets and candidates that can then be tested clinically. Furthermore, introducing pretreatment microbiota from trial participants into gnotobiotic animals and re-enacting trial conditions allow mechanisms to be dissected. We highlight these recent advances as well as gaps in existing knowledge that present opportunities for future research.
AB - Forty-five percent of deaths among children under 5 years of age are associated with undernutrition. Globally, almost 200 million children exhibit the two major forms of undernutrition—wasting (low weight-for-height) or stunting (low height-for-age), with many affected by both. Undernutrition is not due to food insecurity alone. Growing evidence indicates that perturbed postnatal gut microbiome development contributes to its pathogenesis. This perspective focuses on defining and repairing these defects in gut microbiome development. We describe an approach that involves the analysis of well-phenotyped human cohorts, followed by preclinical studies using gnotobiotic animals colonized with microbiota from these cohorts. Additionally, these models can be used to identify therapeutic targets and candidates that can then be tested clinically. Furthermore, introducing pretreatment microbiota from trial participants into gnotobiotic animals and re-enacting trial conditions allow mechanisms to be dissected. We highlight these recent advances as well as gaps in existing knowledge that present opportunities for future research.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85129731446&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chom.2022.04.002
DO - 10.1016/j.chom.2022.04.002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35550665
AN - SCOPUS:85129731446
SN - 1931-3128
VL - 30
SP - 617
EP - 626
JO - Cell Host and Microbe
JF - Cell Host and Microbe
IS - 5
ER -