Glutamate and GABA Imbalance Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Réjean M. Guerriero, Christopher C. Giza, Alexander Rotenberg

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

258 Scopus citations

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to multiple short- and long-term changes in neuronal circuits that ultimately conclude with an imbalance of cortical excitation and inhibition. Changes in neurotransmitter concentrations, receptor populations, and specific cell survival are important contributing factors. Many of these changes occur gradually, which may explain the vulnerability of the brain to multiple mild impacts, alterations in neuroplasticity, and delays in the presentation of posttraumatic epilepsy. In this review, we provide an overview of normal glutamate and GABA homeostasis and describe acute, subacute, and chronic changes that follow injury. We conclude by highlighting opportunities for therapeutic interventions in this paradigm.

Original languageEnglish
JournalCurrent neurology and neuroscience reports
Volume15
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2015

Keywords

  • Glutamate transporter
  • NMDA receptor
  • Parvalbumin interneuron
  • Posttraumatic epilepsy

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