@article{690cf56bfc26499caeb54b20572d8fa3,
title = "Global overview of the management of acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic (CHOLECOVID study)",
abstract = "Background: This study provides a global overview of the management of patients with acute cholecystitis during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: CHOLECOVID is an international, multicentre, observational comparative study of patients admitted to hospital with acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on management were collected for a 2-month study interval coincident with the WHO declaration of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and compared with an equivalent pre-pandemic time interval. Mediation analysis examined the influence of SARS-COV-2 infection on 30-day mortality. Results: This study collected data on 9783 patients with acute cholecystitis admitted to 247 hospitals across the world. The pandemic was associated with reduced availability of surgical workforce and operating facilities globally, a significant shift to worse severity of disease, and increased use of conservative management. There was a reduction (both absolute and proportionate) in the number of patients undergoing cholecystectomy from 3095 patients (56.2 per cent) pre-pandemic to 1998 patients (46.2 per cent) during the pandemic but there was no difference in 30-day all-cause mortality after cholecystectomy comparing the pre-pandemic interval with the pandemic (13 patients (0.4 per cent) pre-pandemic to 13 patients (0.6 per cent) pandemic; P = 0.355). In mediation analysis, an admission with acute cholecystitis during the pandemic was associated with a non-significant increased risk of death (OR 1.29, 95 per cent c.i. 0.93 to 1.79, P = 0.121). Conclusion: CHOLECOVID provides a unique overview of the treatment of patients with cholecystitis across the globe during the first months of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The study highlights the need for system resilience in retention of elective surgical activity. Cholecystectomy was associated with a low risk of mortality and deferral of treatment results in an increase in avoidable morbidity that represents the non-COVID cost of this pandemic.",
author = "{CHOLECOVID Collaborative} and Spiers, {Harry V.M.} and Omar Kouli and Ahmed, {Waheed U.} and Rebecca Varley and Leah Argus and McLean, {Kenneth A.} and Kamarajah, {Sivesh K.} and Peter Coe and Griffiths, {Ewen A.} and Chan, {Anthony KC} and Christian Macutkiewicz and Saurabh Jamdar and Michael Wilson and Giles Toogood and Siriwardena, {Ajith K.} and Kenneth McLean and Catherine Fullwood and Daniel Ahari and Waheed Ahmed and Andrew Gilchrist and Matthew Goldsworthy and Majid Rashid and R. Salgado and F. Veracierto and T. Lancelotti and D. Solinas and R. Oddi and Garcia, {F. W.} and {Mazza Diez}, E. and {Andrade Ramirez}, {M. R.} and R. Bracco and D. Fernandez and Maraschio, {M. A.} and L. Obeide and E. Giordano and A. Alcaraz and Marani, {M. A.} and N. Aguirre and F. Luna and M. Francesconi and F. Chiham and {Ramos Cossio}, R. and Alvarez, {F. A.} and {Pantoja Pachajoa}, {D. A.} and F. Mandojana and Merlo, {I. G.} and Gonzalez, {M. H.} and G. Cervelo and R. Puma and Vardaro, {G. F.} and A. Davis and D. Jurat and C. Guenoff and K. Raubenheimer and K. Goddard and K. Brown and Wegrecki, {K. J.} and Cheung, {H. Y.C.} and M. Yang and H. Cheung and J. Siddiqui and Ahn, {J. H.} and R. Huynh and Lam, {Y. H.} and M. Afzal and Ong, {B. S.} and Chua, {M. Y.M.} and K. Ly and Thomson, {J. E.} and D. Watson and Dawson, {A. C.} and A. Drane and {Van Ruyven}, S. and Lun, {E. W.Y.} and P. Pockney and M. Ferguson and Jeong, {J. Y.} and {De Silva}, C. and V. Wills and J. Gundara and E. McCourt and C. Bong and R. Tabone and Wong, {W. J.} and A. Gray and D. Koh and M. Pollock and S. Singhal and R. Smith and Dudi-Venkata, {N. N.} and H. Kanhere and C. Stranz and W. Seow and Mansour, {L. T.} and J. Wormald and Loveday, {B. P.T.} and B. Thomson and T. O{\textquoteright}Donnell and N. Milenkovski and M. Herath and M. Trochsler and A. Farfus and G. Maddern and Z. Bunjo and Kuan, {L. L.} and G. Atanasov and A. Dawson and A. Drane and {van Ruyven}, S. and E. Lun and E. Samadov and I. Namazov and M. Asgarov and A. Ibrahimli and M. Srinivasan and Saeed, {M. F.} and H. Aljawder and I. Juma and Coimbra, {F. J.} and N. Marques and Casteleins, {W. A.} and A. Petruzziello and G. Jabur and Rodriguez, {J. F.P.} and Buso, {P. L.} and S. MacKenzie and M. Hsiao and I. Sljivic and Karanicolas, {P. J.} and R. Roke and A. Tecson and J. Moon and Butler, {E. V.} and F. Riquelme and M. Yanez and F. Catan and M. Uribe and F. Carriel and F. Oppliger and A. Paredes and D. Daroch and Aguayo, {J. C.} and {Perez Rivera}, {C. J.} and {Acosta Buitrago}, {L. M.} and A. KadamaniAbiyomaa and {Mosquera Paz}, {M. S.} and P. Cabrera and J. Corso and N. Ozcay and A. Ozant and K. Arslan and H. Besim and H. Almezghwi and Azzam, {A. Y.} and S. Bessa and I. El-Sayes and A. Badawy and M. Wael and A. El-Gendi and Azab, {M. A.} and Fayed, {M. M.} and A. Tawheed and {Al Shafie}, A. and S. Emile and A. Elfallal and H. Elfeki and M. Shalaby and A. Sakr and M. Elbahnasawy and M. Shama and W. Abdel-Elsalam and {Escobar Dominguez}, {J. E.} and F. Medrano and S. Gaitan and {Escalon Gonzalez}, {O. M.} and {Alfaro Varela}, {J. C.} and M. Cea and M. Interiano and B. Cabrera and Z. Lakkis and P. Georges and C. Antonot and J. Magnin and C. Kamphues and Lauscher, {J. C.} and C. Schineis and Loch, {F. N.} and Lee, {L. D.} and K. Beyer and K. Bouchagier and I. Galanis and D. Bartziotas and E. Lostoridis and P. Tourountzi and Nagorni, {E. A.} and A. Charalabopoulos and E. Baili and E. Kyros and I. Vagios and Hammill, {C. W.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of BJS Society Ltd.",
year = "2022",
month = jun,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/bjsopen/zrac052",
language = "English",
volume = "6",
journal = "BJS Open",
issn = "2474-9842",
number = "3",
}