TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetic risk for aortic aneurysm in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
AU - Haller, Gabe
AU - Alvarado, David M.
AU - Willing, Marcia C.
AU - Braverman, Alan C.
AU - Bridwell, Keith H.
AU - Kelly, Michael
AU - Lenke, Lawrence G.
AU - Luhmann, Scott J.
AU - Gurnett, Christina A.
AU - Dobbs, Matthew B.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 by the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated.
PY - 2014/9/2
Y1 - 2014/9/2
N2 - Background: Scoliosis is a feature of several genetic disorders that are also associated with aortic aneurysm, including Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and type-IV Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Life-threatening complications of aortic aneurysmcan be decreased through early diagnosis. Genetic screening formutations in populations at risk, such as patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, may improve recognition of these disorders. Methods: The coding regions of five clinically actionable genes associated with scoliosis (COL3A1, FBN1, TGFBR1, TGFBR2, and SMAD3) and aortic aneurysm were sequenced in 343 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis cases. Gene variants that had minor allele frequencies of <0.0001 or were present in human diseasemutation databases were identified. Variants were classified as pathogenic, likely pathogenic, or variants of unknown significance. Results: Pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations were identified in 0.9% (three) of 343 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis cases. Two patients had pathogenic SMAD3 nonsense mutations consistent with type-III Loeys-Dietz syndrome and one patient had a pathogenic FBN1 mutation with subsequent confirmation of Marfan syndrome. Variants of unknown signifi-cance in COL3A1 and FBN1 were identified in 5.0% (seventeen) of 343 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis cases. Six FBN1 variants were previously reported in patients with Marfan syndrome, yet were considered variants of unknown significance based on the level of evidence. Variants of unknown significance occurred most frequently in FBN1 and were associated with greater curve severity, systemic features of Marfan syndrome, and joint hypermobility. Conclusions: Clinically actionable pathogenic mutations in genes associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and aortic aneurysm are rare in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who are not suspected of having these disorders, although variants of unknown significance are relatively common. Clinical Relevance: Routine genetic screening of all patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis for mutations in clinically actionable aortic aneurysm disease genes is not recommended on the basis of the high frequency of variants of unknown significance. Clinical evaluation and family history should heighten indications for genetic referral and testing.
AB - Background: Scoliosis is a feature of several genetic disorders that are also associated with aortic aneurysm, including Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and type-IV Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Life-threatening complications of aortic aneurysmcan be decreased through early diagnosis. Genetic screening formutations in populations at risk, such as patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, may improve recognition of these disorders. Methods: The coding regions of five clinically actionable genes associated with scoliosis (COL3A1, FBN1, TGFBR1, TGFBR2, and SMAD3) and aortic aneurysm were sequenced in 343 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis cases. Gene variants that had minor allele frequencies of <0.0001 or were present in human diseasemutation databases were identified. Variants were classified as pathogenic, likely pathogenic, or variants of unknown significance. Results: Pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations were identified in 0.9% (three) of 343 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis cases. Two patients had pathogenic SMAD3 nonsense mutations consistent with type-III Loeys-Dietz syndrome and one patient had a pathogenic FBN1 mutation with subsequent confirmation of Marfan syndrome. Variants of unknown signifi-cance in COL3A1 and FBN1 were identified in 5.0% (seventeen) of 343 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis cases. Six FBN1 variants were previously reported in patients with Marfan syndrome, yet were considered variants of unknown significance based on the level of evidence. Variants of unknown significance occurred most frequently in FBN1 and were associated with greater curve severity, systemic features of Marfan syndrome, and joint hypermobility. Conclusions: Clinically actionable pathogenic mutations in genes associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and aortic aneurysm are rare in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who are not suspected of having these disorders, although variants of unknown significance are relatively common. Clinical Relevance: Routine genetic screening of all patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis for mutations in clinically actionable aortic aneurysm disease genes is not recommended on the basis of the high frequency of variants of unknown significance. Clinical evaluation and family history should heighten indications for genetic referral and testing.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84965086732&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2106/JBJS.O.00290
DO - 10.2106/JBJS.O.00290
M3 - Article
C2 - 26333736
AN - SCOPUS:84965086732
SN - 0021-9355
VL - 97
SP - 1411
EP - 1417
JO - Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume
JF - Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume
IS - 17
ER -