TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetic ablation of calcium-independent phospholipase A2γ (iPLA2γ) attenuates calcium-induced opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and resultant cytochrome c release
AU - Moon, Sung Ho
AU - Jenkins, Christopher M.
AU - Kiebish, Michael A.
AU - Sims, Harold F.
AU - Mancuso, David J.
AU - Gross, Richard W.
PY - 2012/8/24
Y1 - 2012/8/24
N2 - Herein, we demonstrate that calcium-independent phospholipase A 2γ (iPLA2γ) is a critical mechanistic participant in the calcium-induced opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Liver mitochondria from iPLA2γ -/-mice were markedly resistant to calcium-induced swelling in the presence or absence of phosphate in comparison with wild-type littermates. Furthermore, the iPLA2γ enantioselective inhibitor (R)-(E)-6-(bromomethylene)-3-(1-naphthalenyl)-2H-tetrahydropyran-2-one ((R)-BEL) was markedly more potent than (S)-BEL in inhibiting mPTP opening in mitochondria from wildtype liver in comparison with hepatic mitochondria from iPLA2γ-/- mice. Intriguingly, low micromolar concentrations of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs and the non-hydrolyzable thioether analog of palmitoyl-CoA markedly accelerated Ca2+-induced mPTP opening in liver mitochondria from wild-type mice. The addition of L-carnitine enabled the metabolic channeling of acyl-CoA through carnitine palmitoyltransferases (CPT-1/2) and attenuated the palmitoyl-CoA-mediated amplification of calcium-induced mPTP opening. In contrast, mitochondria from iPLA2γ-/- mice were insensitive to fatty acyl- CoA-mediated augmentation of calcium-induced mPTP opening. Moreover, mitochondria from iPLA2γ-/- mouse liver were resistant to Ca2+/t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced mPTP opening in comparison with wild-type littermates. In support of these findings, cytochrome c release from iPLA2γ-/- mitochondria was dramatically decreased in response to calcium in the presence or absence of either t-butyl hydroperoxide or phenylarsine oxide in comparison with wild-type littermates. Collectively, these results identify iPLA2γ as an important mechanistic component of the mPTP, define its downstream products as potent regulators of mPTP opening, and demonstrate the integrated roles of mitochondrial bioenergetics and lipidomic flux in modulating mPTP opening promoting the activation of necrotic and necroapoptotic pathways of cell death.
AB - Herein, we demonstrate that calcium-independent phospholipase A 2γ (iPLA2γ) is a critical mechanistic participant in the calcium-induced opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Liver mitochondria from iPLA2γ -/-mice were markedly resistant to calcium-induced swelling in the presence or absence of phosphate in comparison with wild-type littermates. Furthermore, the iPLA2γ enantioselective inhibitor (R)-(E)-6-(bromomethylene)-3-(1-naphthalenyl)-2H-tetrahydropyran-2-one ((R)-BEL) was markedly more potent than (S)-BEL in inhibiting mPTP opening in mitochondria from wildtype liver in comparison with hepatic mitochondria from iPLA2γ-/- mice. Intriguingly, low micromolar concentrations of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs and the non-hydrolyzable thioether analog of palmitoyl-CoA markedly accelerated Ca2+-induced mPTP opening in liver mitochondria from wild-type mice. The addition of L-carnitine enabled the metabolic channeling of acyl-CoA through carnitine palmitoyltransferases (CPT-1/2) and attenuated the palmitoyl-CoA-mediated amplification of calcium-induced mPTP opening. In contrast, mitochondria from iPLA2γ-/- mice were insensitive to fatty acyl- CoA-mediated augmentation of calcium-induced mPTP opening. Moreover, mitochondria from iPLA2γ-/- mouse liver were resistant to Ca2+/t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced mPTP opening in comparison with wild-type littermates. In support of these findings, cytochrome c release from iPLA2γ-/- mitochondria was dramatically decreased in response to calcium in the presence or absence of either t-butyl hydroperoxide or phenylarsine oxide in comparison with wild-type littermates. Collectively, these results identify iPLA2γ as an important mechanistic component of the mPTP, define its downstream products as potent regulators of mPTP opening, and demonstrate the integrated roles of mitochondrial bioenergetics and lipidomic flux in modulating mPTP opening promoting the activation of necrotic and necroapoptotic pathways of cell death.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84865526078&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1074/jbc.M112.373654
DO - 10.1074/jbc.M112.373654
M3 - Article
C2 - 22778252
AN - SCOPUS:84865526078
SN - 0021-9258
VL - 287
SP - 29837
EP - 29850
JO - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry
IS - 35
ER -