Gamification in Critical Care Education and Practice

OBJECTIVES: To explore gamification as an alternative approach to healthcare education and its potential applications to critical care. DATA SOURCES: English language manuscripts addressing: 1) gamification theory and application in healthcare and critical care and 2) implementation science focused on the knowledge-to-practice gap were identified in Medline and PubMed databases (inception to 2023). STUDY SELECTION: Studies delineating gamification underpinnings, application in education or procedural mentoring, utilization for healthcare or critical care education and practice, and analyses of benefits or pitfalls in comparison to other educational or behavioral modification approaches. DATA EXTRACTION: Data indicated the key gamification tenets and the venues within which they were used to enhance knowledge, support continuing medical education, teach procedural skills, enhance decision-making, or modify behavior. DATA SYNTHESIS: Gamification engages learners in a visual and cognitive fashion using competitive approaches to enhance acquiring new knowledge or skills. While gamification may be used in a variety of settings, specific design elements may relate to the learning environment or learner styles. Additionally, solo and group gamification approaches demonstrate success and leverage adult learning theory elements in a low-stress and low-risk setting. The potential for gamification-driven behavioral modification to close the knowledge-to-practice gap and enable guideline and protocol compliance remains underutilized. CONCLUSIONS: Gamification offers the potential to substantially enhance how critical care professionals acquire and then implement new knowledge in a fashion that is more engaging and rewarding than traditional approaches. Accordingly, educational undertakings from courses to offerings at medical professional meetings may benefit from being gamified.