TY - JOUR
T1 - Functional connectivity of the amygdala in early-childhood-onset depression
AU - Luking, Katherine R.
AU - Repovs, Grega
AU - Belden, Andy C.
AU - Gaffrey, Michael S.
AU - Botteron, Kelly N.
AU - Luby, Joan L.
AU - Barch, Deanna M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Disclosure: Dr. Barch has received grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), Allon , Novartis , and the McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience . Dr. Repovs has served as a consultant on NIMH grants. Dr. Luby has received grants from the NIMH , Communities Healing Adolescent Depression and Suicide (CHADS), and NARSAD . Dr. Gaffrey has received funding from a Klingenstein Third Generation Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship. Ms. Luking has received training support from an Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) grant. Dr. Belden has received a grant from the NIMH . Dr. Botteron has received grants from the NIMH , the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), CHADS , Simons Foundation , and NARSAD .
Funding Information:
The current study was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health , grants MH64769 (JL), MH090786 (JL, DB, KB).
PY - 2011/10
Y1 - 2011/10
N2 - Objective: Adult major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with reduced cortico-limbic functional connectivity thought to indicate decreased top-down control of emotion. However, it is unclear whether such connectivity alterations are also present in early-childhoodonset MDD. Method: A total of 51 children 7 through 11 years of age who had been prospectively studied since preschool age, completed resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and were assigned to one of four groups: 1) C-MDD (N = 13), those children with a personal history of early-childhoodonset MDD; 2) M-MDD (N = 11), those with a maternal history of affective disorders; 3) CM-MDD (N = 13), those with both maternal and early-childhoodonset MDD; or 4) CON (N = 14), those without either a personal or maternal history of MDD. We used seed-based resting state functional connectivity (rsfcMRI) analysis in an independent sample of adults to identify networks showing both positive (e.g., limbic regions) and negative (e.g., dorsal frontal/parietal regions) connectivity with the amygdala. These regions were then used in region-of-interestbased analyses of our child sample. Results: We found a significant interaction between maternal affective disorder history and the child's MDD history for both positive and negative rsfcMRI networks. Specifically, when compared with CON, we found reduced connectivity between the amygdala and the "negative network" in children with C-MDD, M-MDD, and CM-MDD. Children with either C-MDD or a maternal history of MDD (but not CM-MDD) displayed reduced connectivity between the amygdala and the "positive network." Conclusions: Our finding of an attenuated relationship between the amygdala, a region affected in MDD and involved in emotion processing, and cognitive control regions is consistent with a hypothesis of altered regulation of emotional processing in C-MDD, suggesting developmental continuity of this alteration into early childhood.
AB - Objective: Adult major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with reduced cortico-limbic functional connectivity thought to indicate decreased top-down control of emotion. However, it is unclear whether such connectivity alterations are also present in early-childhoodonset MDD. Method: A total of 51 children 7 through 11 years of age who had been prospectively studied since preschool age, completed resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and were assigned to one of four groups: 1) C-MDD (N = 13), those children with a personal history of early-childhoodonset MDD; 2) M-MDD (N = 11), those with a maternal history of affective disorders; 3) CM-MDD (N = 13), those with both maternal and early-childhoodonset MDD; or 4) CON (N = 14), those without either a personal or maternal history of MDD. We used seed-based resting state functional connectivity (rsfcMRI) analysis in an independent sample of adults to identify networks showing both positive (e.g., limbic regions) and negative (e.g., dorsal frontal/parietal regions) connectivity with the amygdala. These regions were then used in region-of-interestbased analyses of our child sample. Results: We found a significant interaction between maternal affective disorder history and the child's MDD history for both positive and negative rsfcMRI networks. Specifically, when compared with CON, we found reduced connectivity between the amygdala and the "negative network" in children with C-MDD, M-MDD, and CM-MDD. Children with either C-MDD or a maternal history of MDD (but not CM-MDD) displayed reduced connectivity between the amygdala and the "positive network." Conclusions: Our finding of an attenuated relationship between the amygdala, a region affected in MDD and involved in emotion processing, and cognitive control regions is consistent with a hypothesis of altered regulation of emotional processing in C-MDD, suggesting developmental continuity of this alteration into early childhood.
KW - amygdala
KW - childhood-onset
KW - depression
KW - fMRI
KW - functional connectivity
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/80053364690
U2 - 10.1016/j.jaac.2011.07.019
DO - 10.1016/j.jaac.2011.07.019
M3 - Article
C2 - 21961777
AN - SCOPUS:80053364690
SN - 0890-8567
VL - 50
SP - 1027-1041.e3
JO - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
JF - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
IS - 10
ER -