TY - JOUR
T1 - Fluid Biomarkers in Dementia Diagnosis
AU - Schindler, Suzanne E.
N1 - Funding Information:
RELATIONSHIP DISCLOSURE: Dr Schindler has received personal compensation in the range of $0 to $499 for serving as a member of the Biospecimen Review Committee with the National Centralized Repository for Alzheimer Disease and in the range of $500 to $4999 for serving as a member of the Alzheimer Disease Center Clinical Task Force with the University of Washington and as a presenter/panelist with the University of Wisconsin. Dr Schindler has a noncompensated relationship as a board member with the Greater Missouri Alzheimer's Association that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. The institution of Dr Schindler has received research support from the National Institute on Aging. Dr Schindler has analyzed blood-based biomarker data provided by C2N Diagnostics to Washington University. The blood-based amyloid test is licensed by C2N and was cofounded by colleagues of Dr Schindler. Washington University will receive royalties from this test, but Dr Schindler will not receive personal compensation from it.
Publisher Copyright:
© Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
PY - 2022/6/1
Y1 - 2022/6/1
N2 - PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article discusses how fluid biomarkers can augment the routine dementia evaluation and improve diagnostic accuracy. The tests that are currently available and the indications for their use are described. Further, tests that are under development and likely to be used in the future are identified. RECENT FINDINGS Technical improvements in assay sensitivity and precision have led to the rapid development of blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) over the past several years. Studies have found that the ratio of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides (Aβ42/Aβ40) and concentrations of phosphorylated tau isoforms in plasma can identify individuals with AD brain pathology. Blood-based tests may enable much broader use of AD biomarkers in the evaluation of patients with cognitive impairment. SUMMARY Even after a detailed history, examination, routine laboratory testing, and brain imaging, the cause of dementia sometimes remains unclear. CSF and blood-based biomarkers can evaluate for a range of neurologic disorders that are associated with dementia, including AD. Integrating data from fluid biomarker tests and the routine dementia evaluation may improve the accuracy of dementia diagnosis.
AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article discusses how fluid biomarkers can augment the routine dementia evaluation and improve diagnostic accuracy. The tests that are currently available and the indications for their use are described. Further, tests that are under development and likely to be used in the future are identified. RECENT FINDINGS Technical improvements in assay sensitivity and precision have led to the rapid development of blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) over the past several years. Studies have found that the ratio of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides (Aβ42/Aβ40) and concentrations of phosphorylated tau isoforms in plasma can identify individuals with AD brain pathology. Blood-based tests may enable much broader use of AD biomarkers in the evaluation of patients with cognitive impairment. SUMMARY Even after a detailed history, examination, routine laboratory testing, and brain imaging, the cause of dementia sometimes remains unclear. CSF and blood-based biomarkers can evaluate for a range of neurologic disorders that are associated with dementia, including AD. Integrating data from fluid biomarker tests and the routine dementia evaluation may improve the accuracy of dementia diagnosis.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85131625771&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1212/CON.0000000000001083
DO - 10.1212/CON.0000000000001083
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35678404
AN - SCOPUS:85131625771
SN - 1080-2371
VL - 28
SP - 822
EP - 833
JO - CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology
JF - CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology
IS - 3
ER -