TY - JOUR
T1 - Extract and fraction from Ulmus wallichiana Planchon promote peak bone achievement and have a nonestrogenic osteoprotective effect
AU - Sharan, Kunal
AU - Siddiqui, Jawed A.
AU - Swarnkar, Gaurav
AU - Tyagi, Abdul Malik
AU - Kumar, Avinash
AU - Rawat, Preeti
AU - Kumar, Manmeet
AU - Nagar, Geet K.
AU - Arya, Kamal R.
AU - Manickavasagam, Lakshmi
AU - Jain, Girish K.
AU - Maurya, Rakesh
AU - Chattopadhyay, Naibedya
PY - 2010/3/1
Y1 - 2010/3/1
N2 - Objective: This study aimed to determine the skeletal effects of total ethanolic extract (TEE) and its butanolic fraction (BF) from the stem-bark of Ulmus wallichiana, which is rich in C-glycosylated flavonoids, in growing rats (for peak bone [PB] achievement) and in ovariectomized (OVx) rats (for menopausal bone loss). Methods: TEE (750 mg kg d) and BF (50 mg kg d) were given orally for 10 weeks to weaning female Sprague-Dawley rats and for 12 weeks to adult OVx rats of the same strain, respectively. In studies with OVx rats, sham operated + vehicle, OVx + 17β-estradiol, and OVx + vehicle groups served as various controls. Bone mineral density (BMD), biomechanical strength, bone histology, formations of osteoprogenitor cells, osteoid formation, and bone turnover/resorption markers were studied. Bioactive marker compounds in TEE and BF were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. One-way analysis of variance was used to test significance of effects. Results: In growing rats, both TEE and BF increased BMD, bone strength, and bone formation rate, suggesting higher PB achievement. OVx rats treated with either TEE or BF exhibited increased BMD at various anatomical positions and improved bone strength and trabecular architecture compared with the OVx + vehicle group. Serum osteocalcin and urinary type 1 collagen degradation product levels in OVx rats treated with either TEE or BF were significantly lower than those of the OVx + vehicle group. Neither TEE nor BF exhibited uterine estrogenicity. Analysis of marker compounds revealed significant enrichment of two bioactive markers in BF over TEE. Conclusions: Derived from U wallichiana, BF at much a lower dose than TEE was effective in PB achievement and prevention of OVx-induced bone loss.
AB - Objective: This study aimed to determine the skeletal effects of total ethanolic extract (TEE) and its butanolic fraction (BF) from the stem-bark of Ulmus wallichiana, which is rich in C-glycosylated flavonoids, in growing rats (for peak bone [PB] achievement) and in ovariectomized (OVx) rats (for menopausal bone loss). Methods: TEE (750 mg kg d) and BF (50 mg kg d) were given orally for 10 weeks to weaning female Sprague-Dawley rats and for 12 weeks to adult OVx rats of the same strain, respectively. In studies with OVx rats, sham operated + vehicle, OVx + 17β-estradiol, and OVx + vehicle groups served as various controls. Bone mineral density (BMD), biomechanical strength, bone histology, formations of osteoprogenitor cells, osteoid formation, and bone turnover/resorption markers were studied. Bioactive marker compounds in TEE and BF were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. One-way analysis of variance was used to test significance of effects. Results: In growing rats, both TEE and BF increased BMD, bone strength, and bone formation rate, suggesting higher PB achievement. OVx rats treated with either TEE or BF exhibited increased BMD at various anatomical positions and improved bone strength and trabecular architecture compared with the OVx + vehicle group. Serum osteocalcin and urinary type 1 collagen degradation product levels in OVx rats treated with either TEE or BF were significantly lower than those of the OVx + vehicle group. Neither TEE nor BF exhibited uterine estrogenicity. Analysis of marker compounds revealed significant enrichment of two bioactive markers in BF over TEE. Conclusions: Derived from U wallichiana, BF at much a lower dose than TEE was effective in PB achievement and prevention of OVx-induced bone loss.
KW - Bone strength
KW - Estrogenicity
KW - Flavonoid C-glucosides
KW - Osteogenic
KW - Peak bone mass
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77949407107&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181bfae38
DO - 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181bfae38
M3 - Article
C2 - 20009959
AN - SCOPUS:77949407107
SN - 1072-3714
VL - 17
SP - 393
EP - 402
JO - Menopause
JF - Menopause
IS - 2
ER -