TY - JOUR
T1 - Extracellular DNA, neutrophil extracellular traps, and inflammasome activation in severe asthma
AU - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Severe Asthma Research Program-3 Investigators
AU - Lachowicz-Scroggins, Marrah E.
AU - Dunican, Eleanor M.
AU - Charbit, Annabelle R.
AU - Raymond, Wilfred
AU - Looney, Mark R.
AU - Peters, Michael C.
AU - Gordon, Erin D.
AU - Woodruff, Prescott G.
AU - Lefrançais, Emma
AU - Phillips, Brenda R.
AU - Mauger, David T.
AU - Comhair, Suzy A.
AU - Erzurum, Serpil C.
AU - Johansson, Mats W.
AU - Jarjour, Nizar N.
AU - Coverstone, Andrea M.
AU - Castro, Mario
AU - Hastie, Annette T.
AU - Bleecker, Eugene R.
AU - Fajt, Merritt L.
AU - Wenzel, Sally E.
AU - Israel, Elliot
AU - Levy, Bruce D.
AU - Fahy, John V.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2019 by the American Thoracic Society.
PY - 2019/5/1
Y1 - 2019/5/1
N2 - Rationale: Extracellular DNA (eDNA) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are implicated in multiple inflammatory diseases. NETs mediate inflammasome activation and IL-1b secretion from monocytes and cause airway epithelial cell injury, but the role of eDNA, NETs, and IL-1b in asthma is uncertain. Objectives: To characterize the role of activated neutrophils in severe asthma through measurement of NETs and inflammasome activation. Methods: We measured sputum eDNA in induced sputum from 399 patients with asthma in the Severe Asthma Research Program-3 and in 94 healthy control subjects. We subdivided subjects with asthma into eDNA-low and -high subgroups to compare outcomes of asthma severity and of neutrophil and inflammasome activation. We also examined if NETs cause airway epithelial cell damage that can be prevented by DNase. Measurements and Main Results: We found that 13% of the Severe Asthma Research Program-3 cohort is “eDNA-high,” as defined by sputum eDNA concentrations above the upper 95th percentile value in health. Compared with eDNA-low patients with asthma, eDNA-high patients had lower Asthma Control Test scores, frequent history of chronic mucus hypersecretion, and frequent use of oral corticosteroids for maintenance of asthma control (all P values,0.05). Sputum eDNA in asthma was associated with airway neutrophilic inflammation, increases in soluble NET components, and increases in caspase 1 activity and IL-1b (all P values,0.001). In in vitro studies, NETs caused cytotoxicity in airway epithelial cells that was prevented by disruption of NETs with DNase. Conclusions: High extracellular DNA concentrations in sputum mark a subset of patients with more severe asthma who have NETs and markers of inflammasome activation in their airways.
AB - Rationale: Extracellular DNA (eDNA) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are implicated in multiple inflammatory diseases. NETs mediate inflammasome activation and IL-1b secretion from monocytes and cause airway epithelial cell injury, but the role of eDNA, NETs, and IL-1b in asthma is uncertain. Objectives: To characterize the role of activated neutrophils in severe asthma through measurement of NETs and inflammasome activation. Methods: We measured sputum eDNA in induced sputum from 399 patients with asthma in the Severe Asthma Research Program-3 and in 94 healthy control subjects. We subdivided subjects with asthma into eDNA-low and -high subgroups to compare outcomes of asthma severity and of neutrophil and inflammasome activation. We also examined if NETs cause airway epithelial cell damage that can be prevented by DNase. Measurements and Main Results: We found that 13% of the Severe Asthma Research Program-3 cohort is “eDNA-high,” as defined by sputum eDNA concentrations above the upper 95th percentile value in health. Compared with eDNA-low patients with asthma, eDNA-high patients had lower Asthma Control Test scores, frequent history of chronic mucus hypersecretion, and frequent use of oral corticosteroids for maintenance of asthma control (all P values,0.05). Sputum eDNA in asthma was associated with airway neutrophilic inflammation, increases in soluble NET components, and increases in caspase 1 activity and IL-1b (all P values,0.001). In in vitro studies, NETs caused cytotoxicity in airway epithelial cells that was prevented by disruption of NETs with DNase. Conclusions: High extracellular DNA concentrations in sputum mark a subset of patients with more severe asthma who have NETs and markers of inflammasome activation in their airways.
KW - Asthma
KW - Caspase 1
KW - Extracellular DNA
KW - IL-1b
KW - Neutrophil extracellular traps
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065074369&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1164/rccm.201810-1869OC
DO - 10.1164/rccm.201810-1869OC
M3 - Article
C2 - 30888839
AN - SCOPUS:85065074369
SN - 1073-449X
VL - 199
SP - 1076
EP - 1085
JO - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
IS - 9
ER -