Evolutionary Specializations of Human Brain Microstructure

C. C. Sherwood; A. L. Bauernfeind; A. Verendeev; M. A. Raghanti; P. R. Hof

doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-804042-3.00127-5

Evolutionary Specializations of Human Brain Microstructure

C. C. Sherwood, A. L. Bauernfeind, A. Verendeev, M. A. Raghanti, P. R. Hof

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Human brain evolution has involved reorganization of neural structure sizes, the distribution of cell types, axonal innervation patterns, and the expression of molecules and proteins. Microstructural specializations are evident with increased neuropil in the prefrontal cortex, modifications of neuromodulatory innervation of the neocortex and basal ganglia, and greater proportions of energetically costly long-range corticocortical projecting neurons. Some microstructural asymmetries in cortical regions associated with language and handedness might also be evolutionarily unique in the human brain.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Evolution of Nervous Systems
Subtitle of host publication	Second Edition
Publisher	Elsevier Inc.
Pages	121-139
Number of pages	19
Volume	4-4
ISBN (Electronic)	9780128040423
ISBN (Print)	9780128040966
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804042-3.00127-5
State	Published - Jan 1 2016

Keywords

Chimpanzee
Glia
Gorilla
Histology
Human brain evolution
Interneuron
Microstructure
Neocortex
Neuromodulator
Neuropil
Orangutan
Pyramidal neuron

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title = "Evolutionary Specializations of Human Brain Microstructure",

abstract = "Human brain evolution has involved reorganization of neural structure sizes, the distribution of cell types, axonal innervation patterns, and the expression of molecules and proteins. Microstructural specializations are evident with increased neuropil in the prefrontal cortex, modifications of neuromodulatory innervation of the neocortex and basal ganglia, and greater proportions of energetically costly long-range corticocortical projecting neurons. Some microstructural asymmetries in cortical regions associated with language and handedness might also be evolutionarily unique in the human brain.",

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T1 - Evolutionary Specializations of Human Brain Microstructure

AU - Sherwood, C. C.

AU - Bauernfeind, A. L.

AU - Verendeev, A.

AU - Raghanti, M. A.

AU - Hof, P. R.

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KW - Gorilla

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KW - Human brain evolution

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KW - Microstructure

KW - Neocortex

KW - Neuromodulator

KW - Neuropil

KW - Orangutan

KW - Pyramidal neuron

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M3 - Chapter

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SN - 9780128040966

VL - 4-4

SP - 121

EP - 139

BT - Evolution of Nervous Systems

PB - Elsevier Inc.

ER -

Evolutionary Specializations of Human Brain Microstructure

Abstract

Keywords

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