Epigenetic regulation of human t‐cell leukemia virus gene expression

Lee Ratner

doi:10.3390/microorganisms10010084

Epigenetic regulation of human t‐cell leukemia virus gene expression

Lee Ratner

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Viral and cellular gene expression are regulated by epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, and chromatin looping. Human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) is a pathogenic retrovirus associated with inflammatory disorders and T‐cell lymphoproliferative malignancy. The transforming activity of HTLV‐1 is driven by the viral oncoprotein Tax, which acts as a transcriptional activator of the cAMP response element‐binding protein (CREB) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathways. The epigenetic effects of Tax and the induction of lymphoproliferative malignancy include alterations in DNA methylation and histone modifications. In addition, alterations in nucleosome positioning and DNA looping also occur in HTLV‐1‐induced malignant cells. A mechanistic definition of these effects will pave the way to new therapies for HTLV‐1‐associated disorders.

Original language	English
Article number	84
Journal	Microorganisms
Volume	10
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010084
State	Published - Jan 2022

Keywords

ATLL
Boundary element
CTCF
CpG methylation
HTLV
Histone methylation

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10.3390/microorganisms10010084

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title = "Epigenetic regulation of human t‐cell leukemia virus gene expression",

abstract = "Viral and cellular gene expression are regulated by epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, and chromatin looping. Human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) is a pathogenic retrovirus associated with inflammatory disorders and T‐cell lymphoproliferative malignancy. The transforming activity of HTLV‐1 is driven by the viral oncoprotein Tax, which acts as a transcriptional activator of the cAMP response element‐binding protein (CREB) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathways. The epigenetic effects of Tax and the induction of lymphoproliferative malignancy include alterations in DNA methylation and histone modifications. In addition, alterations in nucleosome positioning and DNA looping also occur in HTLV‐1‐induced malignant cells. A mechanistic definition of these effects will pave the way to new therapies for HTLV‐1‐associated disorders.",

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AB - Viral and cellular gene expression are regulated by epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, and chromatin looping. Human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) is a pathogenic retrovirus associated with inflammatory disorders and T‐cell lymphoproliferative malignancy. The transforming activity of HTLV‐1 is driven by the viral oncoprotein Tax, which acts as a transcriptional activator of the cAMP response element‐binding protein (CREB) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathways. The epigenetic effects of Tax and the induction of lymphoproliferative malignancy include alterations in DNA methylation and histone modifications. In addition, alterations in nucleosome positioning and DNA looping also occur in HTLV‐1‐induced malignant cells. A mechanistic definition of these effects will pave the way to new therapies for HTLV‐1‐associated disorders.

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Epigenetic regulation of human t‐cell leukemia virus gene expression

Abstract

Keywords

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