TY - JOUR
T1 - Entry receptors — The gateway to alphavirus infection
AU - Zimmerman, Ofer
AU - Holmes, Autumn C.
AU - Kafai, Natasha M.
AU - Adams, Lucas J.
AU - Diamond, Michael S.
N1 - Funding Information:
This Review was supported by grants from the NIH (R01AI164653 and R01AI14367) and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (W15QKN1691002) (all to MSD) and fellowships from the Doris Duke Foundation (to OZ), Howard Hughes Medical Institute (GT15172, to ACH), and NIH (F30AI164842, to NMK). All figures were created with BioRender (biorender.com) under the terms of a site license with Washington University.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, Zimmerman et al.
PY - 2023/1/17
Y1 - 2023/1/17
N2 - Alphaviruses are enveloped, insect-transmitted, positive-sense RNA viruses that infect humans and other animals and cause a range of clinical manifestations, including arthritis, musculoskeletal disease, meningitis, encephalitis, and death. Over the past four years, aided by CRISPR/Cas9–based genetic screening approaches, intensive research efforts have focused on identifying entry receptors for alphaviruses to better understand the basis for cellular and species tropism. Herein, we review approaches to alphavirus receptor identification and how these were used for discovery. The identification of new receptors advances our understanding of viral pathogenesis, tropism, and evolution and is expected to contribute to the development of novel strategies for prevention and treatment of alphavirus infection.
AB - Alphaviruses are enveloped, insect-transmitted, positive-sense RNA viruses that infect humans and other animals and cause a range of clinical manifestations, including arthritis, musculoskeletal disease, meningitis, encephalitis, and death. Over the past four years, aided by CRISPR/Cas9–based genetic screening approaches, intensive research efforts have focused on identifying entry receptors for alphaviruses to better understand the basis for cellular and species tropism. Herein, we review approaches to alphavirus receptor identification and how these were used for discovery. The identification of new receptors advances our understanding of viral pathogenesis, tropism, and evolution and is expected to contribute to the development of novel strategies for prevention and treatment of alphavirus infection.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85146340042&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1172/JCI165307
DO - 10.1172/JCI165307
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36647825
AN - SCOPUS:85146340042
SN - 0021-9738
VL - 133
JO - Journal of Clinical Investigation
JF - Journal of Clinical Investigation
IS - 2
M1 - e165307
ER -