Abstract
From outbreaks leading to debilitating and lifelong neurological disease to more common mild or asymptomatic upper respiratory tract infections, enterovirus (EV) infections impart large health care and economic burdens. This chapter discusses common EV infections in humans, the clinical syndromes, and how these pathogens are detected, with a discussion of diagnostic challenges and opportunities. It describes the clinical features of specific EV-associated conditions: severe respiratory disease, myocarditis, hand-foot-mouth disease, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, and neurological illness. Historically, serologic testing and viral culture were the diagnostic methods of choice, but these have now been largely replaced with molecular testing. Serological testing is not utilized for diagnosis of acute infection. While many of these platforms require significant training to operate and interpret, a paradigm shift in the field of molecular diagnostics is emerging, whereby patient-centric, rapid, point-of-care testing is being demanded and enabled.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Title of host publication | Manual of Molecular and Clinical Laboratory Immunology, 9th Edition |
Subtitle of host publication | Volume 1-2 |
Publisher | wiley |
Pages | 583-591 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Volume | 1 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9781683674023 |
ISBN (Print) | 9781683673996 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2024 |
Keywords
- Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
- Enterovirus
- Hand-foot-mouth disease
- Molecular testing
- Myocarditis
- Neurological illness
- Point-of-care testing
- Serologic testing
- Severe respiratory disease
- Viral culture