TY - JOUR
T1 - Endogenous sex hormones and the risk of prostate cancer
T2 - A prospective study
AU - Weiss, Jocelyn M.
AU - Huang, Wen Yi
AU - Rinaldi, Sabina
AU - Fears, Thomas R.
AU - Chatterjee, Nilanjan
AU - Hsing, Ann W.
AU - Crawford, E. David
AU - Andriole, Gerald L.
AU - Kaaks, Rudolf
AU - Hayes, Richard B.
PY - 2008/5/15
Y1 - 2008/5/15
N2 - Sex steroid hormones influence prostate development and maintenance through their roles in prostate cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Although suspected to be involved in prostate carcinogenesis, an association between circulating androgens and prostate cancer has not been clearly established in epidemiologic studies. We conducted a nested case-control study with prospectively collected samples in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial, to examine associations of prostate cancer with androstenedione (Δ4-A), testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and 3α-androstanediol glucuronide (3α-diolG). A total of 727 incident Caucasian prostate cancer cases (age ≥ 65 years, N = 396) and 889 matched controls were selected for this analysis. Overall, prostate cancer risks were unrelated to serum T, estimated free and bioavailable T, and SHBG; however, risks increased with increasing T:SHBG ratio (ptrend = 0.01), mostly related to risk in older men (≥65 years, ptrend = 0.001), particularly for aggressive disease [highest versus lowest quartile: odds ratio (OR) 2.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50-5.09]. No clear patterns were noted for Δ4-A and 3α-diolG. In summary, our large prospective study did not show convincing evidence of a relationship between serum sex hormones and prostate cancer. T:SHBG ratio was related to risk in this older population of men, but the significance of this ratio in steroidal biology is unclear.
AB - Sex steroid hormones influence prostate development and maintenance through their roles in prostate cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Although suspected to be involved in prostate carcinogenesis, an association between circulating androgens and prostate cancer has not been clearly established in epidemiologic studies. We conducted a nested case-control study with prospectively collected samples in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial, to examine associations of prostate cancer with androstenedione (Δ4-A), testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and 3α-androstanediol glucuronide (3α-diolG). A total of 727 incident Caucasian prostate cancer cases (age ≥ 65 years, N = 396) and 889 matched controls were selected for this analysis. Overall, prostate cancer risks were unrelated to serum T, estimated free and bioavailable T, and SHBG; however, risks increased with increasing T:SHBG ratio (ptrend = 0.01), mostly related to risk in older men (≥65 years, ptrend = 0.001), particularly for aggressive disease [highest versus lowest quartile: odds ratio (OR) 2.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50-5.09]. No clear patterns were noted for Δ4-A and 3α-diolG. In summary, our large prospective study did not show convincing evidence of a relationship between serum sex hormones and prostate cancer. T:SHBG ratio was related to risk in this older population of men, but the significance of this ratio in steroidal biology is unclear.
KW - 3α-diolG
KW - Androstenedione
KW - Hormones
KW - Prostate
KW - Sex hormone-binding globulin
KW - Testosterone
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=42149119602&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ijc.23326
DO - 10.1002/ijc.23326
M3 - Article
C2 - 18172860
AN - SCOPUS:42149119602
SN - 0020-7136
VL - 122
SP - 2345
EP - 2350
JO - International Journal of Cancer
JF - International Journal of Cancer
IS - 10
ER -