TY - JOUR
T1 - Encephalitic Arboviruses of Africa
T2 - Emergence, Clinical Presentation and Neuropathogenesis
AU - Klein, Robyn S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2021 Klein.
PY - 2021/12/23
Y1 - 2021/12/23
N2 - Many mosquito-borne viruses (arboviruses) are endemic in Africa, contributing to systemic and neurological infections in various geographical locations on the continent. While most arboviral infections do not lead to neuroinvasive diseases of the central nervous system, neurologic diseases caused by arboviruses include flaccid paralysis, meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis, encephalomyelitis, neuritis, and post-infectious autoimmune or memory disorders. Here we review endemic members of the Flaviviridae and Togaviridae families that cause neurologic infections, their neuropathogenesis and host neuroimmunological responses in Africa. We also discuss the potential for neuroimmune responses to aide in the development of new diagnostics and therapeutics, and current knowledge gaps to be addressed by arbovirus research.
AB - Many mosquito-borne viruses (arboviruses) are endemic in Africa, contributing to systemic and neurological infections in various geographical locations on the continent. While most arboviral infections do not lead to neuroinvasive diseases of the central nervous system, neurologic diseases caused by arboviruses include flaccid paralysis, meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis, encephalomyelitis, neuritis, and post-infectious autoimmune or memory disorders. Here we review endemic members of the Flaviviridae and Togaviridae families that cause neurologic infections, their neuropathogenesis and host neuroimmunological responses in Africa. We also discuss the potential for neuroimmune responses to aide in the development of new diagnostics and therapeutics, and current knowledge gaps to be addressed by arbovirus research.
KW - Africa
KW - CNS
KW - Flavivirus
KW - alphavirus biology
KW - neuroimmunology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122395243&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.769942
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.769942
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35003087
AN - SCOPUS:85122395243
SN - 1664-3224
VL - 12
JO - Frontiers in immunology
JF - Frontiers in immunology
M1 - 769942
ER -