Electrodeposition of zno nanostructures: Growth, doping, and physical properties

ZnO is one of the most promising semiconductors for low-cost optoelectronics and can be obtained from a variety of deposition techniques. Among them, electrochemical growth in aqueous solution has become an important approach for ZnO deposition with abundant morphologies and doping capabilities. This chapter summarizes the current achievements in electrodeposition of ZnO and also discusses the challenges and extensive potential in this research area. The effects of electrochemical growth conditions, annealing, and doping on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of ZnO thin films and nanowires are presented in detail. Electrical characterization using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical cell measurements are also included. n-Type and p-type semiconductor nanowires are achieved by electrochemical doping of ZnO with various elements such as Cl and Ag and are discussed as nanoscale building blocks in advanced optoelectronics. Electrochemical deposition of highly uniform ZnO thin films and oriented ZnO nanowire arrays with desired physical properties opens up possibilities for large-scale and economic fabrication of advanced optoelectronic devices.