Elective nodal failures are uncommon in medically inoperable patients with Stage I non-small-cell lung carcinoma treated with limited radiotherapy fields

Jeffrey D. Bradley, Sasha Wahab, Mary Ann Lockett, Carlos A. Perez, James A. Purdy

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

65 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: To review the outcome for 56 Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer treated definitively with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and to investigate the value of elective nodal irradiation in this patient population. Methods and Materials: Between 1992 and 2001, 56 patients were treated with 3D-CRT for inoperable Stage I histologically confirmed non-small-cell lung cancer; 31 with T1N0 and 25 with T2N0 disease. All patients were treated with 3D-CRT to a median isocenter dose of 70 Gy (range 59.94-83.85) given in daily doses of 1.8 or 2 Gy. Prognostic factors were analyzed with respect to their impact on overall survival. Twenty-two patients received radiotherapy (RT) directed to elective regional lymphatics to doses of 45-50 Gy. The remaining 33 patients were treated to limited fields confined to the primary lung cancer with a margin. The patterns of failure were reviewed. Results: The median follow-up was 20 months (range 6 months to 6 years). The actuarial local control rate was 88%, 69%, and 63%, at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The actuarial cause-specific survival rate was 82%, 67%, and 51% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The actuarial overall survival rate was 73%, 51%, and 34% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The actuarial metastasis-free survival rate was 90%, 85%, and 81% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The RT dose was the only factor predictive of overall survival in our analysis. No statistically significant difference was noted in cause-specific or overall survival according to whether patients received elective nodal irradiation. Two of 33 patients treated with limited fields had regional nodal failure. Conclusion: Many patients with medically inoperable Stage I lung cancer die of intercurrent causes. The omission of the elective nodal regions from the RT portals did not compromise either the cause-specific or overall survival rate. Elective nodal failures were uncommon in the group treated with limited RT fields. A radiation dose ≥70 Gy was predictive of better survival in our population. We await the results of prospective trials evaluating high-dose RT in patients treated with RT alone for Stage I lung cancer.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)342-347
Number of pages6
JournalInternational Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics
Volume56
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 1 2003

Keywords

  • Elective nodal irradiation
  • Medically inoperable
  • Stage I lung cancer
  • Three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy

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