Distinct inflammatory profiles distinguish COVID-19 from influenza with limited contributions from cytokine storm

Philip Mudd; Jeremy Chase Crawford; Jackson S. Turner; Aisha Souquette; Daniel Reynolds; Diane Bender; James P. Bosanquet; Nitin J. Anand; David A. Striker; R. Scott Martin; Jacco Boon; Stacey L. House; Kenneth Remy; Richard S. Hotchkiss; Rachel Presti; Jane A. O’Halloran; William G. Powderly; Paul G. Thomas; Ali Ellebedy

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abe3024

Distinct inflammatory profiles distinguish COVID-19 from influenza with limited contributions from cytokine storm

Philip Mudd, Jeremy Chase Crawford, Jackson S. Turner, Aisha Souquette, Daniel Reynolds, Diane Bender, James P. Bosanquet, Nitin J. Anand, David A. Striker, R. Scott Martin, Jacco Boon, Stacey L. House, Kenneth Remy, Richard S. Hotchkiss, Rachel Presti, Jane A. O’Halloran, William G. Powderly, Paul G. Thomas, Ali Ellebedy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We pursued a study of immune responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza patients. Compared to patients with influenza, patients with COVID-19 exhibited largely equivalent lymphocyte counts, fewer monocytes, and lower surface human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–class II expression on selected monocyte populations. Furthermore, decreased HLA-DR on intermediate monocytes predicted severe COVID-19 disease. In contrast to prevailing assumptions, very few (7 of 168) patients with COVID-19 exhibited cytokine profiles indicative of cytokine storm syndrome. After controlling for multiple factors including age and sample time point, patients with COVID-19 exhibited lower cytokine levels than patients with influenza. Up-regulation of IL-6, G-CSF, IL-1RA, and MCP1 predicted death in patients with COVID-19 but were not statistically higher than patients with influenza. Single-cell transcriptional profiling revealed profound suppression of interferon signaling among patients with COVID-19. When considered across the spectrum of peripheral immune profiles, patients with COVID-19 are less inflamed than patients with influenza.

Original language	English
Article number	eabe3024
Journal	Science Advances
Volume	6
Issue number	50
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abe3024
State	Published - Dec 9 2020

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Mudd, P., Crawford, J. C., Turner, J. S., Souquette, A., Reynolds, D., Bender, D., Bosanquet, J. P., Anand, N. J., Striker, D. A., Martin, R. S., Boon, J., House, S. L., Remy, K., Hotchkiss, R. S., Presti, R., O’Halloran, J. A., Powderly, W. G., Thomas, P. G., & Ellebedy, A. (2020). Distinct inflammatory profiles distinguish COVID-19 from influenza with limited contributions from cytokine storm. Science Advances, 6(50), [eabe3024]. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abe3024

Mudd, Philip ; Crawford, Jeremy Chase ; Turner, Jackson S. ; Souquette, Aisha ; Reynolds, Daniel ; Bender, Diane ; Bosanquet, James P. ; Anand, Nitin J. ; Striker, David A. ; Martin, R. Scott ; Boon, Jacco ; House, Stacey L. ; Remy, Kenneth ; Hotchkiss, Richard S. ; Presti, Rachel ; O’Halloran, Jane A. ; Powderly, William G. ; Thomas, Paul G. ; Ellebedy, Ali. / Distinct inflammatory profiles distinguish COVID-19 from influenza with limited contributions from cytokine storm. In: Science Advances. 2020 ; Vol. 6, No. 50.

@article{418bc1f96f4b4cc8bc5232e37439b18a,

title = "Distinct inflammatory profiles distinguish COVID-19 from influenza with limited contributions from cytokine storm",

abstract = "We pursued a study of immune responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza patients. Compared to patients with influenza, patients with COVID-19 exhibited largely equivalent lymphocyte counts, fewer monocytes, and lower surface human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–class II expression on selected monocyte populations. Furthermore, decreased HLA-DR on intermediate monocytes predicted severe COVID-19 disease. In contrast to prevailing assumptions, very few (7 of 168) patients with COVID-19 exhibited cytokine profiles indicative of cytokine storm syndrome. After controlling for multiple factors including age and sample time point, patients with COVID-19 exhibited lower cytokine levels than patients with influenza. Up-regulation of IL-6, G-CSF, IL-1RA, and MCP1 predicted death in patients with COVID-19 but were not statistically higher than patients with influenza. Single-cell transcriptional profiling revealed profound suppression of interferon signaling among patients with COVID-19. When considered across the spectrum of peripheral immune profiles, patients with COVID-19 are less inflamed than patients with influenza.",

author = "Philip Mudd and Crawford, {Jeremy Chase} and Turner, {Jackson S.} and Aisha Souquette and Daniel Reynolds and Diane Bender and Bosanquet, {James P.} and Anand, {Nitin J.} and Striker, {David A.} and Martin, {R. Scott} and Jacco Boon and House, {Stacey L.} and Kenneth Remy and Hotchkiss, {Richard S.} and Rachel Presti and O{\textquoteright}Halloran, {Jane A.} and Powderly, {William G.} and Thomas, {Paul G.} and Ali Ellebedy",

year = "2020",

month = dec,

day = "9",

doi = "10.1126/sciadv.abe3024",

language = "English",

volume = "6",

journal = "Science Advances",

issn = "2375-2548",

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Mudd, P, Crawford, JC, Turner, JS, Souquette, A, Reynolds, D, Bender, D, Bosanquet, JP, Anand, NJ, Striker, DA, Martin, RS, Boon, J , House, SL , Remy, K , Hotchkiss, RS , Presti, R , O’Halloran, JA , Powderly, WG, Thomas, PG & Ellebedy, A 2020, 'Distinct inflammatory profiles distinguish COVID-19 from influenza with limited contributions from cytokine storm', Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 50, eabe3024. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abe3024

Distinct inflammatory profiles distinguish COVID-19 from influenza with limited contributions from cytokine storm. / Mudd, Philip; Crawford, Jeremy Chase; Turner, Jackson S.; Souquette, Aisha; Reynolds, Daniel; Bender, Diane; Bosanquet, James P.; Anand, Nitin J.; Striker, David A.; Martin, R. Scott; Boon, Jacco ; House, Stacey L.; Remy, Kenneth ; Hotchkiss, Richard S.; Presti, Rachel ; O’Halloran, Jane A.; Powderly, William G.; Thomas, Paul G.; Ellebedy, Ali.

In: Science Advances, Vol. 6, No. 50, eabe3024, 09.12.2020.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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T1 - Distinct inflammatory profiles distinguish COVID-19 from influenza with limited contributions from cytokine storm

AU - Mudd, Philip

AU - Crawford, Jeremy Chase

AU - Turner, Jackson S.

AU - Souquette, Aisha

AU - Reynolds, Daniel

AU - Bender, Diane

AU - Bosanquet, James P.

AU - Anand, Nitin J.

AU - Striker, David A.

AU - Martin, R. Scott

AU - Boon, Jacco

AU - House, Stacey L.

AU - Remy, Kenneth

AU - Hotchkiss, Richard S.

AU - Presti, Rachel

AU - O’Halloran, Jane A.

AU - Powderly, William G.

AU - Thomas, Paul G.

AU - Ellebedy, Ali

PY - 2020/12/9

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N2 - We pursued a study of immune responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza patients. Compared to patients with influenza, patients with COVID-19 exhibited largely equivalent lymphocyte counts, fewer monocytes, and lower surface human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–class II expression on selected monocyte populations. Furthermore, decreased HLA-DR on intermediate monocytes predicted severe COVID-19 disease. In contrast to prevailing assumptions, very few (7 of 168) patients with COVID-19 exhibited cytokine profiles indicative of cytokine storm syndrome. After controlling for multiple factors including age and sample time point, patients with COVID-19 exhibited lower cytokine levels than patients with influenza. Up-regulation of IL-6, G-CSF, IL-1RA, and MCP1 predicted death in patients with COVID-19 but were not statistically higher than patients with influenza. Single-cell transcriptional profiling revealed profound suppression of interferon signaling among patients with COVID-19. When considered across the spectrum of peripheral immune profiles, patients with COVID-19 are less inflamed than patients with influenza.

AB - We pursued a study of immune responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza patients. Compared to patients with influenza, patients with COVID-19 exhibited largely equivalent lymphocyte counts, fewer monocytes, and lower surface human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–class II expression on selected monocyte populations. Furthermore, decreased HLA-DR on intermediate monocytes predicted severe COVID-19 disease. In contrast to prevailing assumptions, very few (7 of 168) patients with COVID-19 exhibited cytokine profiles indicative of cytokine storm syndrome. After controlling for multiple factors including age and sample time point, patients with COVID-19 exhibited lower cytokine levels than patients with influenza. Up-regulation of IL-6, G-CSF, IL-1RA, and MCP1 predicted death in patients with COVID-19 but were not statistically higher than patients with influenza. Single-cell transcriptional profiling revealed profound suppression of interferon signaling among patients with COVID-19. When considered across the spectrum of peripheral immune profiles, patients with COVID-19 are less inflamed than patients with influenza.

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