Dimensional assessment of personality in an outpatient sample: Relations of the systems of Millon and Cloninger

Carmen Bayon, Kent Hill, Dragan M. Svrakic, Thomas R. Przybeck, C. Robert Cloninger

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118 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Cloninger Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-II) are both self-report inventories that can be used to assess personality reliably in clinical samples. Both instruments were administered to 103 consecutive psychiatric out-patients with or without personality disorders. The goals were to assess the convergent validity of the two instruments, to replicate the findings of Svrakic et al. about the differential diagnosis of Axis II disorders, and to analyse the relations of Millon's measures of Axis 1 disorders with Cloninger's measures. We observed a strong convergent validity between the instruments; the seven dimensions of the TCI accounted for most of the variance in MCMI-II measures of both Axis 1 and Axis 2 disorders. As reported by Svrakic et al. in in-patients, low self-directedness and low cooperativeness were confirmed to be the essential features of all personality disorders in outpatients. In addition, self-transcendence, the third of Cloninger's character dimensions, was observed to be a strong correlate of severe Axis-1 psychopathology, including manic and delusional disorders.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)341-352
Number of pages12
JournalJournal of Psychiatric Research
Volume30
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 1996

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