@article{c419a657b5994c2ba15eed688e6126d7,
title = "Differences in the lower airway microbiota of infants with and without cystic fibrosis",
abstract = "Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease commences in infancy, and understanding the role of the microbiota in disease pathogenesis is critical. This study examined and compared the lower airway microbiota of infants with and without CF and its relationship to airway inflammation in the first months of life. Methods: Infants newly-diagnosed with CF were recruited into a single-centre study in Melbourne, Australia from 1992 to 2001. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed at study entry. Healthy infants undergoing bronchoscopy to investigate chronic stridor acted as controls. Quantitative microbiological culture was performed and inflammatory markers were measured contemporaneously. 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis was performed on stored samples. Results: Thirteen bronchoalveolar samples from infants with CF and nine from control infants, collected at median ages of 1.8-months (25th–75th percentile 1.5 to 3.1-months) and 5-months (25th–75th percentile 2.9 to 8.2-months) respectively, provided 16S rRNA gene data. Bacterial biomass was positively associated with inflammation. Alpha diversity was reduced in infants with CF and between-group compositional differences were apparent. These differences were driven by increased Staphylococcus and decreased Fusobacterium and were most apparent in symptomatic infants with CF. Conclusion: In CF lung disease, differences in lower airway microbial community composition and structure are established by age 6-months.",
keywords = "16S ribosomal RNA, Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, Cystic fibrosis, Infant, Inflammation, Microbiota",
author = "Frayman, {Katherine B.} and Wylie, {Kristine M.} and Armstrong, {David S.} and Rosemary Carzino and Davis, {Stephanie D.} and Ferkol, {Thomas W.} and Keith Grimwood and Storch, {Gregory A.} and Ranganathan, {Sarath C.}",
note = "Funding Information: 16S rRNA gene sequencing was funded by grants from the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute “65km for CF” and the Royal Children's Hospital Cystic Fibrosis Research Trust (RCH CFRT). KBF was supported by the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand Vertex Cystic Fibrosis Paediatric Clinical Fellowship, the RCH CFRT, the Australian Cystic Fibrosis Research Trust Postgraduate Studentship, an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) postgraduate scholarship, a Royal Australasian College of Physicians Paediatrics and Child Health Division NHMRC Award for Excellence (Top-up), the Clifford Family PhD Scholarship and an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. TWF, SDD, SCR, GAS, and KMW were supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant, HL116211 and NHMRC award, GNT1043768. These bodies had no role in the study design, data analysis, interpretation or reporting of results, and were not involved in the decision to submit this manuscript for publication. Funding Information: The authors wish to thank Shu Mei Teo, Centre for Systems Genomics, the University of Melbourne, for her advice regarding statistical analysis, and Suzanna Vidmar, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne for her assistance with data collection and cleaning. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 European Cystic Fibrosis Society.",
year = "2019",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1016/j.jcf.2018.12.003",
language = "English",
volume = "18",
pages = "646--652",
journal = "Journal of Cystic Fibrosis",
issn = "1569-1993",
number = "5",
}