@article{3a0b1bedcd534ed1a06a9a65ebcec4ab,
title = "Diet-Induced Obesity Is Linked to Marked but Reversible Alterations in the Mouse Distal Gut Microbiome",
abstract = "We have investigated the interrelationship between diet, gut microbial ecology, and energy balance using a mouse model of obesity produced by consumption of a prototypic Western diet. Diet-induced obesity (DIO) produced a bloom in a single uncultured clade within the Mollicutes class of the Firmicutes, which was diminished by subsequent dietary manipulations that limit weight gain. Microbiota transplantation from mice with DIO to lean germ-free recipients promoted greater fat deposition than transplants from lean donors. Metagenomic and biochemical analysis of the gut microbiome together with sequencing and metabolic reconstructions of a related human gut-associated Mollicute (Eubacterium dolichum) revealed features that may provide a competitive advantage to members of the bloom in the Western diet nutrient milieu, including import and processing of simple sugars. Our study illustrates how combining comparative metagenomics with gnotobiotic mouse models and specific dietary manipulations can disclose the niches of previously uncharacterized members of the gut microbiota.",
keywords = "HUMDISEASE, MICROBIO",
author = "Turnbaugh, {Peter J.} and Fredrik B{\"a}ckhed and Lucinda Fulton and Gordon, {Jeffrey I.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank David O'Donnell and Maria Karlsson for husbandry of gnotobiotic mice; Jan Crowley, Sabrina Wagoner, and Jill Manchester for outstanding technical support; Ruth Ley, Michael Mahowald, Buck Samuel, Justin Sonnenburg, Marios Giannakis, Andrew Goodman, Priya Psudarsanam, and Rob Knight for their many helpful suggestions during the course of these studies; our colleagues Bob Fulton, Jennifer Godfrey, William Courtney, Jian Xu, and Sandy Clifton in the Genome Sequencing Center for their assistance with metagenomic sequencing and with the deep draft assembly of the Eubacterium dolicum genome; Clay Semenkovich and Trey Coleman for assistance with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry; Edward DeLong (MIT) for generously sharing his protocols for enriching mRNA from total microbial community RNA prior to cDNA synthesis and cloning; and Bernard Henrissat (Universit{\'e}s Aix-Marseille I and II and the Carbohydrate Active Enzymes [CAZy] Database) for confirming the annotation of cecal microbiome- and E.dolichum -associated glycoside hydrolases cited in this report. This work was supported in part by grants from the NIH (DK70977 and DK30292) and the W.M. Keck Foundation. ",
year = "2008",
month = apr,
day = "17",
doi = "10.1016/j.chom.2008.02.015",
language = "English",
volume = "3",
pages = "213--223",
journal = "Cell Host and Microbe",
issn = "1931-3128",
number = "4",
}