TY - JOUR
T1 - Developmental Delay and School Performance Among Retinoblastoma Survivors
T2 - Development/school morbidity among retinoblastoma survivors
AU - Reynolds, Margaret
AU - Lueder, Gregg
AU - Gordon, Mae
AU - Hayashi, Robert J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding/Support: Supported by an unrestricted grant to the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences from Research to Prevent Blindness. Also supported by National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institutes of Health award UL1 TR002345. The content is the sole responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Financial Disclosures: The authors have reported that they had no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the academic performance of childhood retinoblastoma (RB) survivors. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: Retrospective chart review of children followed in a survivorship clinic. Results: A total of 73 patients with RB (median age at diagnosis: 9.97 months; range: 0.29-65.1) were followed for a median of 6.4 years (0.2-1.76). A total of 48 patients (65.8%) had unilateral RB; 43 patients (63.0%) received systemic chemotherapy; and 57 patients (78.1%) underwent enucleation. At last follow-up, 5 children (6.8%) had bilateral visual acuity (VA) <20/70. Seventeen subjects (23.3%) reported school difficulties, and 10 subjects (13.7%) had an individualized education program (IEP). Multivariate analysis revealed that a history of receiving chemotherapy” Multivariate analysis revealed that a history of receiving chemotherapy was associated with self-reported school difficulties (odds ratio [CI]: 5.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-21.69; P =.016), and undergoing an IEP (OR: 11.47; 95% CI: 1.34-98.16; P =.03). The degree of visual impairment and history of enucleation did not influence the risk of self-reported school difficulties or the implementation of an IEP. Among unilateral RB patients, chemotherapy was an independent risk factor for self-reported school difficulties (OR: 12.8; 95% CI: 1.45-113; P =.009) and implementation of an IEP (OR: 15.2; 95% CI: 0.78-292; P =.02). Conclusions: Academic difficulties in childhood RB survivors are associated with chemotherapy treatment, a risk factor independent of VA.
AB - Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the academic performance of childhood retinoblastoma (RB) survivors. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: Retrospective chart review of children followed in a survivorship clinic. Results: A total of 73 patients with RB (median age at diagnosis: 9.97 months; range: 0.29-65.1) were followed for a median of 6.4 years (0.2-1.76). A total of 48 patients (65.8%) had unilateral RB; 43 patients (63.0%) received systemic chemotherapy; and 57 patients (78.1%) underwent enucleation. At last follow-up, 5 children (6.8%) had bilateral visual acuity (VA) <20/70. Seventeen subjects (23.3%) reported school difficulties, and 10 subjects (13.7%) had an individualized education program (IEP). Multivariate analysis revealed that a history of receiving chemotherapy” Multivariate analysis revealed that a history of receiving chemotherapy was associated with self-reported school difficulties (odds ratio [CI]: 5.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-21.69; P =.016), and undergoing an IEP (OR: 11.47; 95% CI: 1.34-98.16; P =.03). The degree of visual impairment and history of enucleation did not influence the risk of self-reported school difficulties or the implementation of an IEP. Among unilateral RB patients, chemotherapy was an independent risk factor for self-reported school difficulties (OR: 12.8; 95% CI: 1.45-113; P =.009) and implementation of an IEP (OR: 15.2; 95% CI: 0.78-292; P =.02). Conclusions: Academic difficulties in childhood RB survivors are associated with chemotherapy treatment, a risk factor independent of VA.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85108538838&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.04.025
DO - 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.04.025
M3 - Article
C2 - 33965417
AN - SCOPUS:85108538838
SN - 0002-9394
VL - 229
SP - 266
EP - 273
JO - American Journal of Ophthalmology
JF - American Journal of Ophthalmology
ER -