TY - JOUR
T1 - Depression and anxiety in a manganese-exposed community
AU - Racette, Brad A.
AU - Nelson, Gill
AU - Dlamini, Wendy W.
AU - Hershey, Tamara
AU - Prathibha, Pradeep
AU - Turner, Jay R.
AU - Checkoway, Harvey
AU - Sheppard, Lianne
AU - Searles Nielsen, Susan
N1 - Funding Information:
H. Checkoway receives research support from the NIOSH (R01OH011661) and NIEHS (R01ES025991). In 2020, he also received an honorarium for serving as a member of the Scientific Review Panel for University of Cincinnati Risk Science Center Assessment of the Carcinogenic Effects of Ethylene Oxide.
Funding Information:
B.A. Racette receives research support from the following government and non-governmental organizations: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) ( R01ES026891 , R01ES026891-S1 , R01ES025991 , R01ES025991-02S1 , R01ES030937-S1 , R01ES029524 ), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ( R01OH011661 ), Cure Alzheimer’s Fund, Department of Defense ( PD190057 ), Hope Center for Neurologic Disorders (Washington University) . Dr. Racette has received honoraria (personal compensation) for lectures from the University of Michigan and Harvard University. He has received personal compensation for peer review from the Parkinson Study Group, service on the National Advisory Environmental Health Sciences Council for NIEHS, and legal testimony on behalf of the Johnson and Bell law firm.
Funding Information:
B.A. Racette receives research support from the following government and non-governmental organizations: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) (R01ES026891, R01ES026891-S1, R01ES025991, R01ES025991-02S1, R01ES030937-S1,R01ES029524), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (R01OH011661), Cure Alzheimer's Fund, Department of Defense (PD190057), Hope Center for Neurologic Disorders (Washington University). Dr. Racette has received honoraria (personal compensation) for lectures from the University of Michigan and Harvard University. He has received personal compensation for peer review from the Parkinson Study Group, service on the National Advisory Environmental Health Sciences Council for NIEHS, and legal testimony on behalf of the Johnson and Bell law firm.
Funding Information:
J.R. Turner receives research support from the following government and non-governmental organizations: NIH (R01ES025991, R01ES029846, R01HD098255, P42ES023716), UNICEF (GLA/2880/2019/002-PCA), and FHWA/DOT (DTFH6117C00036). Dr. Turner has received personal compensation for service on the Science Advisory Board for EPA.
Funding Information:
T. Hershey receives research support from the following government organization: National Institutes of Health (NIH) (R01ES025991, NS098577, NS109487, HD070855, DK064832).
Funding Information:
S. Searles Nielsen receives research support from the following governmental and non-governmental organizations: NIEHS (R01ES026891, K01ES028295, R01ES025991, R01ES025991-02S1, R01ES029524), Cure Alzheimer’s Fund, and Department of Defense (PD190057).
Funding Information:
L. Sheppard receives research support from the following governmental and non-governmental organizations: NIEHS (R25ES025503, R01ES026891, R01ES027696, R01ES026246, R01ES029509, R01ES029524), National Institute on Aging (NIA) (R01ES026187, P01AG055367), and the Health Effects Institute. She has received personal compensation for service to the Environmental Protection Agency and the Health Effects Institute, and for peer review for "The Lancet Planetary Health." She received small tokens of appreciation in lieu of travel to the Centre for Air Pollution, Energy, and Health Research in Australia.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2021/7
Y1 - 2021/7
N2 - Objective: To characterize the association between residential environmental manganese (Mn) exposure and depression and anxiety, given prior associations among occupationally-exposed workers. Methods: We administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to 697 study participants in their preferred languages. These participants represented a population-based sample of residents aged ≥40 from two predominantly Black African communities in Gauteng province, South Africa: 605 in Meyerton, adjacent to a large Mn smelter, and 92 in Ethembalethu, a comparable non-exposed community. We investigated the associations between community (Meyerton vs. Ethembalethu) and severity of depression and anxiety, using linear regression, adjusting for age and sex. To document community-level differences in Mn exposure, we measured airborne PM2.5-Mn. Results: Meyerton residents had BDI scores 5.63 points (95 % CI 3.07, 8.20) higher than Ethembalethu residents, with all questions contributing to this significant difference. STAI-state scores were marginally higher in Meyerton than Ethembalethu residents [2.12 (95 % CI -0.17, 4.41)], whereas STAI-trait scores were more similar between the communities [1.26 (95 % CI -0.82, 3.35)]. Mean PM2.5-Mn concentration was 203 ng/m3 at a long-term fixed site in Meyerton and 10 ng/m3 in Ethembalethu. Conclusion: Residence near Mn emission sources may be associated with greater depression symptomatology, and possibly current, but not lifetime, anxiety.
AB - Objective: To characterize the association between residential environmental manganese (Mn) exposure and depression and anxiety, given prior associations among occupationally-exposed workers. Methods: We administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to 697 study participants in their preferred languages. These participants represented a population-based sample of residents aged ≥40 from two predominantly Black African communities in Gauteng province, South Africa: 605 in Meyerton, adjacent to a large Mn smelter, and 92 in Ethembalethu, a comparable non-exposed community. We investigated the associations between community (Meyerton vs. Ethembalethu) and severity of depression and anxiety, using linear regression, adjusting for age and sex. To document community-level differences in Mn exposure, we measured airborne PM2.5-Mn. Results: Meyerton residents had BDI scores 5.63 points (95 % CI 3.07, 8.20) higher than Ethembalethu residents, with all questions contributing to this significant difference. STAI-state scores were marginally higher in Meyerton than Ethembalethu residents [2.12 (95 % CI -0.17, 4.41)], whereas STAI-trait scores were more similar between the communities [1.26 (95 % CI -0.82, 3.35)]. Mean PM2.5-Mn concentration was 203 ng/m3 at a long-term fixed site in Meyerton and 10 ng/m3 in Ethembalethu. Conclusion: Residence near Mn emission sources may be associated with greater depression symptomatology, and possibly current, but not lifetime, anxiety.
KW - Beck depression inventory
KW - Manganese
KW - PM2.5-Mn
KW - South Africa
KW - State-trait anxiety inventory
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85108085848&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.05.017
DO - 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.05.017
M3 - Article
C2 - 34087333
AN - SCOPUS:85108085848
SN - 0161-813X
VL - 85
SP - 222
EP - 233
JO - NeuroToxicology
JF - NeuroToxicology
ER -