Defective Counterregulation and Hypoglycemia Unawareness in Diabetes. Mechanisms and Emerging Treatments.

Candace M. Reno, Marina Litvin, Amy L. Clark, Simon J. Fisher

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

42 Scopus citations

Abstract

For people with diabetes, hypoglycemia remains the limiting factor in achieving glycemic control. This article reviews recent advances in how the brain senses and responds to hypoglycemia. Novel mechanisms by which individuals with insulin-treated diabetes develop hypoglycemia unawareness and impaired counterregulatory responses are outlined. Prevention strategies for reducing the incidence of hypoglycemia are discussed.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)15-38
Number of pages24
JournalEndocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
Volume42
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 2013

Keywords

  • Brain
  • Counterregulation
  • Diabetes
  • Glucose
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure
  • Hypothalamus
  • Unawareness

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