TY - JOUR
T1 - Cyp27c1 red-shifts the spectral sensitivity of photoreceptors by converting Vitamin A1 into A2
AU - Enright, Jennifer M.
AU - Toomey, Matthew B.
AU - Sato, Shin Ya
AU - Temple, Shelby E.
AU - Allen, James R.
AU - Fujiwara, Rina
AU - Kramlinger, Valerie M.
AU - Nagy, Leslie D.
AU - Johnson, Kevin M.
AU - Xiao, Yi
AU - How, Martin J.
AU - Johnson, Stephen L.
AU - Roberts, Nicholas W.
AU - Kefalov, Vladimir J.
AU - Peter Guengerich, F.
AU - Corbo, Joseph C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/12/7
Y1 - 2015/12/7
N2 - Some vertebrate species have evolved means of extending their visual sensitivity beyond the range of human vision. One mechanism of enhancing sensitivity to long-wavelength light is to replace the 11-cis retinal chromophore in photopigments with 11-cis 3,4-didehydroretinal. Despite over a century of research on this topic, the enzymatic basis of this perceptual switch remains unknown. Here, we show that a cytochrome P450 family member, Cyp27c1, mediates this switch by converting vitamin A1 (the precursor of 11-cis retinal) into vitamin A2 (the precursor of 11-cis 3,4-didehydroretinal). Knockout of cyp27c1 in zebrafish abrogates production of vitamin A2, eliminating the animal's ability to red-shift its photoreceptor spectral sensitivity and reducing its ability to see and respond to near-infrared light. Thus, the expression of a single enzyme mediates dynamic spectral tuning of the entire visual system by controlling the balance of vitamin A1 and A2 in the eye.
AB - Some vertebrate species have evolved means of extending their visual sensitivity beyond the range of human vision. One mechanism of enhancing sensitivity to long-wavelength light is to replace the 11-cis retinal chromophore in photopigments with 11-cis 3,4-didehydroretinal. Despite over a century of research on this topic, the enzymatic basis of this perceptual switch remains unknown. Here, we show that a cytochrome P450 family member, Cyp27c1, mediates this switch by converting vitamin A1 (the precursor of 11-cis retinal) into vitamin A2 (the precursor of 11-cis 3,4-didehydroretinal). Knockout of cyp27c1 in zebrafish abrogates production of vitamin A2, eliminating the animal's ability to red-shift its photoreceptor spectral sensitivity and reducing its ability to see and respond to near-infrared light. Thus, the expression of a single enzyme mediates dynamic spectral tuning of the entire visual system by controlling the balance of vitamin A1 and A2 in the eye.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84955345408
U2 - 10.1016/j.cub.2015.10.018
DO - 10.1016/j.cub.2015.10.018
M3 - Article
C2 - 26549260
AN - SCOPUS:84955345408
SN - 0960-9822
VL - 25
SP - 3048
EP - 3057
JO - Current Biology
JF - Current Biology
IS - 23
ER -