Cutaneous myeloid sarcoma: Natural history and biology of an uncommon manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia

M. Yadira Hurley, Grant K. Ghahramani, Stephanie Frisch, Eric S. Armbrecht, Anne C. Lind, Tudung T. Nguyen, Anjum Hassan, Friederike H. Kreisel, John L. Frater

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

We conducted a retrospective study of patients with cutaneous myeloid sarcoma, from 2 tertiary care institutions. Eighty-three patients presented, with a mean age of 52 years. Diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma in the skin was diff-cult due to the low frequency of myeloperoxidase and/or CD34+ cases (56% and 19% of tested cases, respectively). Seventy-one of the 83 patients (86%) had ≥ 1 bone marrow biopsy. Twenty-eight (39%) had acute myeloid leukemia with monocytic differentiation. Twenty-three had other de novo acute myeloid leukemia subtypes. Thirteen patients had other myeloid neoplasms, of which 4 ultimately progressed to an acute myeloid leukemia. Seven had no bone marrow malignancy. Ninety-eight percent of the patients received chemotherapy, and approximately 89% died of causes related to their disease. Cutaneous myeloid sarcoma in most cases represents an aggressive manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia. Diagnosis can be challenging due to lack of myeloblast-associated antigen expression in many cases, and diffculty in distinguishing monocyte-lineage blasts from neoplastic and non-neoplastic mature monocytes.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)319-324
Number of pages6
JournalActa Dermato-Venereologica
Volume93
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 2013

Keywords

  • Chloroma
  • Cutaneous myeloid sarcoma
  • Mono-blastic sarcoma
  • Myeloid sarcoma

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