CT and MR Update of Pericardial Diseases: A Systematic Review

Purpose of review: Pericardial pathology represent a spectrum of entities that should be properly recognized and treated when necessary. To reach an accurate diagnosis, clinicians have at their disposal an ample armamentarium that includes invasive and non-invasive methods, including echocardiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR). Recent findings: CT and MR can be performed as complementary methods when echocardiographic results are inconclusive. These modalities can give not only detailed information on cardiac and pericardial anatomy but also can evaluate physiologic changes. To the extent that in some instances, MR or CT could be the preferred method of choice, i.e., constrictive pericarditis. Summary: Many disease processes can affect the pericardium. CT and MR, although not representing the initial method of choice which is usually echocardiography, they do play a crucial complementary role when those first line studies are equivocal. Familiarity with the imaging appearance of pericardial disease particularly tamponade and constrictive pericarditis will help treat these patients in a more expeditious fashion.