TY - JOUR
T1 - COX-2 inhibitors. A new class of antiangiogenic agents
AU - Masferrer, Jaime L.
AU - Koki, Alane
AU - Seibert, Karen
PY - 1999
Y1 - 1999
N2 - The formation of new blood vessels by angiogenesis to provide adequate blood supply is a key requirement for the growth of many tumors. While normal blood vessels expressed the COX-1 enzyme, new angiogenic endothelial cells expressed the inducible COX-2. We evaluated the role of COX inhibitors in the mouse corneal micropocket assay in which angiogenesis is driven by the addition of a Hydron pellet containing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Neovascular areas were measured with a slit lamp five days after pellet implantation into the corneal stroma. All animals containing implants with bFGF (90 ng) developed intensive areas of neovascularization, whereas the controls implanted with the Hydron pellet alone did not. Indomethacin (a nonselective COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor) and SC-236 (a COX-2-selective inhibitor) inhibited angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, the indomethacicin-treated mice developed severe gastrointestinal toxicity at the efficacious dose of 3 mg/kg/day. By contrast, gastrointestinal lesions were not observed, and platelet COX-1 activity was unaffected, at antiangiogenic doses of SC-236 (1-6 mg/kg/day). Furthermore, a COX-1-selective inhibitor, SC-560, was ineffective at doses up to 10 mg/kg, a dose that completely blocked platelet COX-1 activity in these mice. SC-236 was also effective in reducing angiogenesis driven by bFGF, vascular endothelium-growth factor (VEGF), or carrageenan in the matrigel rat model. Finally, in several tumor models, SC-236 consistently and effectively inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis. This novel antiangiogenic activity of COX-2 inhibitors indicates their potential therapeutic utility in several types of cancer.
AB - The formation of new blood vessels by angiogenesis to provide adequate blood supply is a key requirement for the growth of many tumors. While normal blood vessels expressed the COX-1 enzyme, new angiogenic endothelial cells expressed the inducible COX-2. We evaluated the role of COX inhibitors in the mouse corneal micropocket assay in which angiogenesis is driven by the addition of a Hydron pellet containing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Neovascular areas were measured with a slit lamp five days after pellet implantation into the corneal stroma. All animals containing implants with bFGF (90 ng) developed intensive areas of neovascularization, whereas the controls implanted with the Hydron pellet alone did not. Indomethacin (a nonselective COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor) and SC-236 (a COX-2-selective inhibitor) inhibited angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, the indomethacicin-treated mice developed severe gastrointestinal toxicity at the efficacious dose of 3 mg/kg/day. By contrast, gastrointestinal lesions were not observed, and platelet COX-1 activity was unaffected, at antiangiogenic doses of SC-236 (1-6 mg/kg/day). Furthermore, a COX-1-selective inhibitor, SC-560, was ineffective at doses up to 10 mg/kg, a dose that completely blocked platelet COX-1 activity in these mice. SC-236 was also effective in reducing angiogenesis driven by bFGF, vascular endothelium-growth factor (VEGF), or carrageenan in the matrigel rat model. Finally, in several tumor models, SC-236 consistently and effectively inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis. This novel antiangiogenic activity of COX-2 inhibitors indicates their potential therapeutic utility in several types of cancer.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0033451177&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08726.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08726.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 10668485
AN - SCOPUS:0033451177
SN - 0077-8923
VL - 889
SP - 84
EP - 86
JO - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
ER -