TY - JOUR
T1 - Cortical functional connectivity evident after birth and behavioral inhibition at age 2
AU - Sylvester, Chad M.
AU - Smyser, Christopher D.
AU - Smyser, Tara
AU - Kenley, Jeanette
AU - Ackerman, Joseph J.
AU - Shimony, Joshua S.
AU - Petersen, Steve E.
AU - Rogers, Cynthia E.
N1 - Funding Information:
From the Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Pediatrics, Radiology, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo. Address correspondence to Dr. Sylvester ([email protected]). Supported by NIH (grants K23MH109983, K23MH105179, R01HD057098, R01HD061619,KL2TR000250,UL1TR000448,K02NS089852,R01NS06424, and R01NS32970), the Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at Washington University (grant P30HD062171), the McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience, the Taylor Family Institute, the Parker Fund for Young Investigators in Psychiatry, the McDonnell Foundation Collaborative Activity Award, the Child Neurology Foundation, the Cerebral Palsy International Research Foundation, the Dana Foundation, and the Doris Duke Foundation. The authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests. Received Jan. 5, 2017; revisions received March 24 and May 3, 2017; accepted May 8, 2017; published online Aug. 4, 2017.
PY - 2018/2/1
Y1 - 2018/2/1
N2 - Objective: The infant temperament behavioral inhibition is a potent risk factor for development of an anxiety disorder. It is difficult to predict risk for behavioral inhibition at birth, however, and the neural underpinnings are poorly understood. The authors hypothesized that neonatal functional connectivity of the ventral attention network is related to behavioral inhibition at age 2 years beyond sociodemographic and familial factors. This hypothesis is supported by the ventral attention network's role in attention to novelty, a key feature of behavioral inhibition. Method: Using a longitudinal design (N=45), the authors measured functional connectivity using MRI in neonates and behavioral inhibition at age 2 using the Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment. Whole-brain connectivity maps werecomputedfor regions from the ventral attention, default mode, and salience networks. Regression analyses related the semaps to behavioral inhibition at age 2, covarying for sex, social risk, and motion during scanning. Results: Decreased neonatal functional connectivity of three connections was associated with increased behavioral inhibition at age 2. One connection (between the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and the right temporalparietal junction) included the ventral attention network seed, and two connections (between the medial prefrontal cortex and both the right superior parietal lobule and the left lateral occipital cortex) included the default mode network seed. Conclusions: Neonatal functional connectivity of the ventral attention and default mode networks is associated with behavioral inhibition at age 2. These results inform the developmental neurobiology of behavioral inhibition and anxiety disorders and may aid in early risk assessment and intervention.
AB - Objective: The infant temperament behavioral inhibition is a potent risk factor for development of an anxiety disorder. It is difficult to predict risk for behavioral inhibition at birth, however, and the neural underpinnings are poorly understood. The authors hypothesized that neonatal functional connectivity of the ventral attention network is related to behavioral inhibition at age 2 years beyond sociodemographic and familial factors. This hypothesis is supported by the ventral attention network's role in attention to novelty, a key feature of behavioral inhibition. Method: Using a longitudinal design (N=45), the authors measured functional connectivity using MRI in neonates and behavioral inhibition at age 2 using the Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment. Whole-brain connectivity maps werecomputedfor regions from the ventral attention, default mode, and salience networks. Regression analyses related the semaps to behavioral inhibition at age 2, covarying for sex, social risk, and motion during scanning. Results: Decreased neonatal functional connectivity of three connections was associated with increased behavioral inhibition at age 2. One connection (between the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and the right temporalparietal junction) included the ventral attention network seed, and two connections (between the medial prefrontal cortex and both the right superior parietal lobule and the left lateral occipital cortex) included the default mode network seed. Conclusions: Neonatal functional connectivity of the ventral attention and default mode networks is associated with behavioral inhibition at age 2. These results inform the developmental neurobiology of behavioral inhibition and anxiety disorders and may aid in early risk assessment and intervention.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85041651290&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17010018
DO - 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17010018
M3 - Article
C2 - 28774192
AN - SCOPUS:85041651290
SN - 0002-953X
VL - 175
SP - 180
EP - 187
JO - American Journal of Psychiatry
JF - American Journal of Psychiatry
IS - 2
ER -